formula: add cargo features and bin options

[daeho-ro]

• Have you followed the guidelines in our Contributing document?
• Have you checked to ensure there aren't other open Pull Requests for the same change?
• Have you added an explanation of what your changes do and why you'd like us to include them?
• Have you written new tests for your changes? Here's an example.
• Have you successfully run brew lgtm (style, typechecking and tests) with your changes locally?

---

Add features and bin options to std_cargo_args for cargo install.

Currently, around 60 files define features and 6 files define bin separately. By moving them into std_cargo_args, we can make more consistent cargo install usage.

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR extends Homebrew’s Formula#std_cargo_args helper to support Cargo install feature selection and binary selection, aiming to reduce duplicated per-formula argument construction and standardize cargo install usage.

Changes:

• Extend std_cargo_args with new features: and bin: keyword parameters.
• Add logic to emit --all-features, --no-default-features, --features=..., and --bin=... based on the provided options.

---

💡 Add Copilot custom instructions for smarter, more guided reviews. Learn how to get started.

[Bo98]

Seems ok given we have --root and --path already but the point of std_*_args isn't really to be an arg wrapper but rather be something that provides a base set of arguments that all formulae unconditionally use. Seems like this could very large very quickly if we're going to start adding conditional arguments? I'm not completely sold that *std_cargo_args(no_default_features: true) is better than *std_cargo_args, "--no-default-features".

Though there are of course exceptions: std_go_args's ldflags is an exception since you must pass multiple ldflags as a single argument (-ldflags=-a -ldflags=-b doesn't work) and we wanted to retain the ability to prepend default ldflags (e.g. to switch linkers) like we do for other languages - something that would require updating many formulae if we wanted to do later and didn't already have ldflags suppport.

[daeho-ro]

@Bo98 If so, I’m happy to keep only the features option and revert the rest of the changes.

My original intent was to add support in std_*_args for arguments that are relatively common across many formulae. I see features as somewhat similar to tags in std_go_args.

As you pointed out, options like --all-features, --no-default-features, and --bin are not commonly used across formulae. Given that, it makes sense to exclude them from std_cargo_args and avoid expanding it with more conditional arguments than necessary.