update(chord-basic): plotly — comprehensive review

plots/chord-basic/implementations/plotly.py

@@ -1,19 +1,18 @@
 """ pyplots.ai
 chord-basic: Basic Chord Diagram
-Library: plotly 6.5.0 | Python 3.13.11
-Quality: 91/100 | Created: 2025-12-23
+Library: plotly 6.5.2 | Python 3.14
+Quality: 88/100 | Updated: 2026-04-06
 """
 
 import numpy as np
 import plotly.graph_objects as go
 
 
-# Data: Migration flows between 6 continents (bidirectional)
+# Data: Migration flows between 6 continents (bidirectional, millions of people)
 continents = ["Africa", "Asia", "Europe", "N. America", "S. America", "Oceania"]
 n = len(continents)
 
 # Flow matrix (row = source, col = target) - realistic migration patterns
-np.random.seed(42)
 flow_matrix = np.array(
     [
         [0, 15, 25, 10, 5, 3],  # Africa to others
@@ -25,136 +24,255 @@
     ]
 )
 
-# Colors for each continent (Python Blue first, then colorblind-safe palette)
-colors = ["#306998", "#FFD43B", "#2E8B57", "#DC143C", "#9370DB", "#FF8C00"]
+# Colors: Python Blue first, then colorblind-safe palette
+# Replaced green (#2E8B57) with teal (#00B4D8) for deuteranopia accessibility
+colors = ["#306998", "#FFD43B", "#00B4D8", "#DC143C", "#9370DB", "#FF8C00"]
+colors_dim = [
+    "rgba(48,105,152,0.4)",
+    "rgba(255,212,59,0.4)",
+    "rgba(0,180,216,0.4)",
+    "rgba(220,20,60,0.4)",
+    "rgba(147,112,219,0.4)",
+    "rgba(255,140,0,0.4)",
+]
 
 # Calculate totals for each continent
 totals = flow_matrix.sum(axis=0) + flow_matrix.sum(axis=1)
 total_flow = flow_matrix.sum()
 
+# Identify the dominant corridor for storytelling emphasis
+max_flow_idx = np.unravel_index(np.argmax(flow_matrix + flow_matrix.T), flow_matrix.shape)
+dominant_src, dominant_tgt = max_flow_idx
+dominant_flow = flow_matrix[dominant_src, dominant_tgt] + flow_matrix[dominant_tgt, dominant_src]
+
 # Calculate arc positions around the circle
 gap = 0.02
 arc_starts = []
 arc_ends = []
 current_pos = 0
-for _, total in enumerate(totals):
+for total in totals:
     arc_starts.append(current_pos)
     arc_ends.append(current_pos + (total / total_flow) * (1 - n * gap))
     current_pos = arc_ends[-1] + gap
 
 # Create figure
 fig = go.Figure()
 
-# Draw outer arcs for each continent
+# Draw outer arcs with gradient-like layered effect
 for i in range(n):
-    # Generate arc points (outer)
     angles_outer = np.linspace(2 * np.pi * arc_starts[i] - np.pi / 2, 2 * np.pi * arc_ends[i] - np.pi / 2, 100)
+    # Outer ring (thicker, slightly transparent for depth)
+    x_o = 1.02 * np.cos(angles_outer)
+    y_o = 1.02 * np.sin(angles_outer)
+    angles_rev = angles_outer[::-1]
+    x_i = 0.98 * np.cos(angles_rev)
+    y_i = 0.98 * np.sin(angles_rev)
+
+    fig.add_trace(
+        go.Scatter(
+            x=np.concatenate([x_o, x_i]),
+            y=np.concatenate([y_o, y_i]),
+            fill="toself",
+            fillcolor=colors_dim[i],
+            line={"color": "rgba(255,255,255,0)", "width": 0},
+            hoverinfo="skip",
+            showlegend=False,
+        )
+    )
+
+    # Inner ring (solid color, main arc)
     x_outer = 1.0 * np.cos(angles_outer)
     y_outer = 1.0 * np.sin(angles_outer)
-
-    # Generate arc points (inner, reversed)
-    angles_inner = np.linspace(2 * np.pi * arc_ends[i] - np.pi / 2, 2 * np.pi * arc_starts[i] - np.pi / 2, 100)
-    x_inner = 0.95 * np.cos(angles_inner)
-    y_inner = 0.95 * np.sin(angles_inner)
+    x_inner = 0.94 * np.cos(angles_rev)
+    y_inner = 0.94 * np.sin(angles_rev)
 
     fig.add_trace(
         go.Scatter(
             x=np.concatenate([x_outer, x_inner]),
             y=np.concatenate([y_outer, y_inner]),
             fill="toself",
             fillcolor=colors[i],
-            line=dict(color="white", width=1),
-            hoverinfo="text",
-            text=f"{continents[i]}<br>Total flow: {totals[i]}",
+            line={"color": "white", "width": 0.5},
+            hovertemplate=(
+                f"<b>{continents[i]}</b><br>"
+                f"Outgoing: {int(flow_matrix[i].sum())}M<br>"
+                f"Incoming: {int(flow_matrix[:, i].sum())}M<br>"
+                f"Total: {int(totals[i])}M people"
+                "<extra></extra>"
+            ),
             name=continents[i],
             showlegend=True,
+            legendgroup=continents[i],
         )
     )
 
-# Draw chords between continents
-shapes = []
+# Draw chords with enhanced visibility and storytelling
+min_chord_width = 0.008  # Minimum visual width for thin chords
 for i in range(n):
     src_pos = arc_starts[i]
     for j in range(n):
-        if i != j and flow_matrix[i, j] > 0:
-            flow = flow_matrix[i, j]
-            chord_width = (flow / total_flow) * (1 - n * gap)
-
-            # Calculate target position offset
-            tgt_base = arc_starts[j]
-            tgt_offset = sum(
-                (flow_matrix[k, j] / total_flow) * (1 - n * gap) for k in range(i) if flow_matrix[k, j] > 0
-            )
+        if i == j or flow_matrix[i, j] == 0:
+            continue
 
-            # Calculate chord endpoints (source)
-            src_angle1 = 2 * np.pi * src_pos - np.pi / 2
-            src_angle2 = 2 * np.pi * (src_pos + chord_width) - np.pi / 2
-            x1 = 0.95 * np.cos(src_angle1)
-            y1 = 0.95 * np.sin(src_angle1)
-            x2 = 0.95 * np.cos(src_angle2)
-            y2 = 0.95 * np.sin(src_angle2)
-
-            # Calculate chord endpoints (target)
-            tgt_start = tgt_base + tgt_offset
-            tgt_end = tgt_start + chord_width
-            tgt_angle1 = 2 * np.pi * tgt_start - np.pi / 2
-            tgt_angle2 = 2 * np.pi * tgt_end - np.pi / 2
-            x3 = 0.95 * np.cos(tgt_angle1)
-            y3 = 0.95 * np.sin(tgt_angle1)
-            x4 = 0.95 * np.cos(tgt_angle2)
-            y4 = 0.95 * np.sin(tgt_angle2)
-
-            # SVG path with quadratic bezier curves through center
-            path = (
-                f"M {x1},{y1} Q 0,0 {x3},{y3} A 0.95,0.95 0 0,1 {x4},{y4} Q 0,0 {x2},{y2} A 0.95,0.95 0 0,1 {x1},{y1} Z"
-            )
+        flow = flow_matrix[i, j]
+        chord_width = max((flow / total_flow) * (1 - n * gap), min_chord_width)
+
+        # Highlight dominant corridor with higher opacity
+        is_dominant = (i == dominant_src and j == dominant_tgt) or (i == dominant_tgt and j == dominant_src)
+        opacity = 0.72 if is_dominant else 0.45
+        line_width = 1.0 if is_dominant else 0.3
+
+        # Target position offset based on prior incoming flows
+        tgt_base = arc_starts[j]
+        tgt_offset = sum(
+            max((flow_matrix[k, j] / total_flow) * (1 - n * gap), min_chord_width)
+            for k in range(i)
+            if flow_matrix[k, j] > 0
+        )
 
-            shapes.append(
-                dict(type="path", path=path, fillcolor=colors[i], opacity=0.6, line=dict(color=colors[i], width=0.5))
+        # Source arc endpoints
+        src_angle1 = 2 * np.pi * src_pos - np.pi / 2
+        src_angle2 = 2 * np.pi * (src_pos + chord_width) - np.pi / 2
+        sx1, sy1 = 0.94 * np.cos(src_angle1), 0.94 * np.sin(src_angle1)
+        sx2, sy2 = 0.94 * np.cos(src_angle2), 0.94 * np.sin(src_angle2)
+
+        # Target arc endpoints
+        tgt_start = tgt_base + tgt_offset
+        tgt_end = tgt_start + chord_width
+        tgt_angle1 = 2 * np.pi * tgt_start - np.pi / 2
+        tgt_angle2 = 2 * np.pi * tgt_end - np.pi / 2
+        tx1, ty1 = 0.94 * np.cos(tgt_angle1), 0.94 * np.sin(tgt_angle1)
+        tx2, ty2 = 0.94 * np.cos(tgt_angle2), 0.94 * np.sin(tgt_angle2)
+
+        # Build chord path with smoother bezier curves
+        src_angles = np.linspace(src_angle1, src_angle2, 20)
+        src_x = 0.94 * np.cos(src_angles)
+        src_y = 0.94 * np.sin(src_angles)
+
+        t = np.linspace(0, 1, 40)
+        bez1_x = (1 - t) ** 2 * sx2 + 2 * (1 - t) * t * 0 + t**2 * tx1
+        bez1_y = (1 - t) ** 2 * sy2 + 2 * (1 - t) * t * 0 + t**2 * ty1
+
+        tgt_angles = np.linspace(tgt_angle1, tgt_angle2, 20)
+        tgt_x = 0.94 * np.cos(tgt_angles)
+        tgt_y = 0.94 * np.sin(tgt_angles)
+
+        bez2_x = (1 - t) ** 2 * tx2 + 2 * (1 - t) * t * 0 + t**2 * sx1
+        bez2_y = (1 - t) ** 2 * ty2 + 2 * (1 - t) * t * 0 + t**2 * sy1
+
+        chord_x = np.concatenate([src_x, bez1_x, tgt_x, bez2_x])
+        chord_y = np.concatenate([src_y, bez1_y, tgt_y, bez2_y])
+
+        fig.add_trace(
+            go.Scatter(
+                x=chord_x,
+                y=chord_y,
+                fill="toself",
+                fillcolor=colors[i],
+                opacity=opacity,
+                line={"color": colors[i], "width": line_width},
+                hovertemplate=(
+                    f"<b>{continents[i]} → {continents[j]}</b><br>"
+                    f"Flow: {flow}M people<br>"
+                    f"Share: {flow / total_flow * 100:.1f}% of total"
+                    "<extra></extra>"
+                ),
+                showlegend=False,
+                hoveron="fills",
             )
+        )
 
-            src_pos += chord_width
+        src_pos += chord_width
 
-# Add continent labels around the perimeter
+# Add continent labels around the perimeter (horizontal for clarity)
 for i in range(n):
     mid_pos = (arc_starts[i] + arc_ends[i]) / 2
     angle = 2 * np.pi * mid_pos - np.pi / 2
-    label_radius = 1.12
+    label_radius = 1.16
+
+    lx = label_radius * np.cos(angle)
+    ly = label_radius * np.sin(angle)
+    angle_deg = np.degrees(angle) % 360
 
-    # Rotate text for readability
-    text_angle_deg = np.degrees(angle)
-    if 90 < text_angle_deg < 270 or -270 < text_angle_deg < -90:
-        text_angle_deg += 180
-    rotation = -text_angle_deg + 90 if -90 < np.degrees(angle) < 90 else -text_angle_deg - 90
+    # Anchor text toward the circle center for clean alignment
+    if 45 < angle_deg < 135:
+        xanchor, yanchor = "center", "bottom"
+    elif 135 <= angle_deg < 225:
+        xanchor, yanchor = "right", "middle"
+    elif 225 <= angle_deg < 315:
+        xanchor, yanchor = "center", "top"
+    else:
+        xanchor, yanchor = "left", "middle"
 
     fig.add_annotation(
-        x=label_radius * np.cos(angle),
-        y=label_radius * np.sin(angle),
-        text=f"<b>{continents[i]}</b>",
-        font=dict(size=18, color=colors[i]),
+        x=lx,
+        y=ly,
+        text=f"<b>{continents[i]}</b> <span style='font-size:17px;color:#888'>{int(totals[i])}M</span>",
+        font={"size": 20, "color": colors[i], "family": "Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"},
         showarrow=False,
-        textangle=rotation,
+        xanchor=xanchor,
+        yanchor=yanchor,
     )
 
-# Layout
-fig.update_layout(
-    title=dict(
-        text="Migration Flows Between Continents · chord-basic · plotly · pyplots.ai",
-        font=dict(size=28),
-        x=0.5,
-        xanchor="center",
+# Subtitle annotation for storytelling
+fig.add_annotation(
+    text=(
+        f"Europe–Asia corridor dominates at <b>{dominant_flow}M</b> combined flow"
+        "  ·  Chord width proportional to flow magnitude"
     ),
-    shapes=shapes,
-    xaxis=dict(showgrid=False, zeroline=False, showticklabels=False, range=[-1.4, 1.4]),
-    yaxis=dict(showgrid=False, zeroline=False, showticklabels=False, range=[-1.4, 1.4], scaleanchor="x"),
+    xref="paper",
+    yref="paper",
+    x=0.5,
+    y=0.955,
+    showarrow=False,
+    font={"size": 17, "color": "#666666", "family": "Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"},
+    xanchor="center",
+)
+
+# Layout with refined styling
+fig.update_layout(
+    title={
+        "text": "Migration Flows Between Continents · chord-basic · plotly · pyplots.ai",
+        "font": {"size": 28, "color": "#222222", "family": "Arial Black, Arial, sans-serif"},
+        "x": 0.5,
+        "xanchor": "center",
+        "y": 0.98,
+    },
+    xaxis={"showgrid": False, "zeroline": False, "showticklabels": False, "showline": False, "range": [-1.5, 1.5]},
+    yaxis={
+        "showgrid": False,
+        "zeroline": False,
+        "showticklabels": False,
+        "showline": False,
+        "range": [-1.6, 1.4],
+        "scaleanchor": "x",
+    },
     template="plotly_white",
     showlegend=True,
-    legend=dict(font=dict(size=16), x=1.02, y=0.5, yanchor="middle"),
-    margin=dict(l=50, r=150, t=100, b=50),
+    legend={
+        "font": {"size": 18, "family": "Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"},
+        "title": {"text": "<b>Continents</b>", "font": {"size": 18, "color": "#444"}},
+        "x": 0.98,
+        "y": 0.02,
+        "xanchor": "right",
+        "yanchor": "bottom",
+        "bgcolor": "rgba(255,255,255,0.9)",
+        "bordercolor": "#ddd",
+        "borderwidth": 1,
+        "tracegroupgap": 6,
+        "itemsizing": "constant",
+    },
+    margin={"l": 20, "r": 20, "t": 80, "b": 15},
     plot_bgcolor="white",
-    paper_bgcolor="white",
+    paper_bgcolor="#FAFAFA",
+    hovermode="closest",
+    hoverlabel={
+        "bgcolor": "white",
+        "bordercolor": "#ccc",
+        "font": {"size": 16, "family": "Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif", "color": "#333"},
+    },
 )
 
 # Save outputs
-fig.write_image("plot.png", width=1600, height=900, scale=3)
+fig.write_image("plot.png", width=1200, height=1200, scale=3)
 fig.write_html("plot.html", include_plotlyjs="cdn")