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40 changes: 40 additions & 0 deletions papers/_posts/2021-01-23-bottenhorn-intelligence-and-academic.md
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---
layout: paper
title: "Intelligence and academic performance: Is it all in your head?"
nickname: 2021-01-23-bottenhorn-intelligence-and-academic
authors: "Bottenhorn KL, Bartley JE, Riedel MC, Salo T, Bravo EI, Odean R, Nazareth A, Laird RW, Musser ED, Pruden SM, Brewe E, Sutherland MT, Laird AR"
year: "2021"
journal: "bioRxiv"
volume:
issue:
pages:
is_published: false
image: /assets/images/papers/biorxiv.png
projects: ["physics-learning"]
tags: [preprint]

# Text
fulltext: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.23.427928v1.full
pdf: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.01.23.427928v1.full.pdf
pdflink:
pmcid:
preprint: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.23.427928
supplement: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2021/01/25/2021.01.23.427928/DC1/embed/media-1.pdf

# Links
doi: "10.1101/2021.01.23.427928"
pmid:

# Data and code
github: ["https://github.com/62442katieb/physics-learning-iq"]
neurovault: ["9385"]
openneuro:
figshare:
figshare_names:
osf:
---
{% include JB/setup %}

# Abstract

Academic performance relies, in part, on intelligence; however, intelligence quotient (IQ) is limited in predicting academic success. Furthermore, while the search for the biological seat of intelligence predates neuroscience itself, its findings remain conflicting. Here, we assess the interplay between IQ, academic performance, and brain connectivity with behavioral and functional MRI data collected from undergraduate students as they completed an active learning or lecture-based semester-long university physics course. IQ (i.e., full-scale WAIS scores) increased significantly pre-to post-instruction, were associated with physics knowledge and reasoning measures, but were unrelated to overall course grade. IQ was related to brain connectivity during physics-related cognition, but connectivity did not mediate IQ’s association with task performance. These relations depended on students’ sex and instructional environment, providing evidence that physics classroom environment and pedagogy may have a gendered influence on students’ performance. Discussion focuses on opportunities to improve physics reasoning skills for all students.