Runtime Detection of X32 Model and Hardware Parameters

[schulz-alexander]

How can we detect on which Model we run? Would be helpfull for writing universal programs for all Models.

Possible Solution

Read the Paramters from SD-Card like MAC-Address, Serial and Model

[xn--nding-jua]

At the moment the SD-Card is initialized by U-Boot correctly, but the Linux-Kernel is not initializing the SD-Card. It says "Clock error". As soon as we have access to the SD-Card, I know where to read the Device-Model, the MAC-Address and other things. Maybe you can try to get the SD-Card up and running? I'm not sure what the problem is...

[schulz-alexander]

I know the location as well ;-) I'll try to get the sd-card working.

[schulz-alexander]

dmesg has no output "Clock error", where did you see it?

[xn--nding-jua]

Hmm, on my System I get continuous dmsgs like "Card clock still not Gate off after 100us". But turns out that this is "just" a warning every second.

I will check it. Maybe the Card is already working!?

[schulz-alexander]

in the Behringer firmware upgrade manual is mentioned, devices after 2023 should not downgrade to a certain firmware version.
Maybe there are some hardware changes between your and my X32, maybe the sd-card is connected differently.

I hope the sd-card is connected like on the PDK-board: https://www.nxp.com/design/design-center/development-boards-and-designs/i-mx-evaluation-and-development-boards/i-mx25-product-development-kit:IMX25PDK

I'm also on it right now

[schulz-alexander]

my dmesg output

[    0.000000] Booting Linux on physical CPU 0x0
[    0.000000] Linux version 6.12.0-dirty (alex@prohorst) (arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc (Ubuntu 13.3.0-6ubuntu2~24.04) 13.3.0, GNU ld (GNU Binutils for Ubuntu) 2.42) #4 Sun Jul 27 10:57:26 CEST 2025
[    0.000000] CPU: ARM926EJ-S [41069264] revision 4 (ARMv5TEJ), cr=0005317f
[    0.000000] CPU: VIVT data cache, VIVT instruction cache
[    0.000000] OF: fdt: Machine model: Behringer X32 - OpenX32
[    0.000000] Memory policy: Data cache writeback
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x0000000083ffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x0000000083ffffff]
[    0.000000] Initmem setup node 0 [mem 0x0000000080000000-0x0000000083ffffff]
[    0.000000] pcpu-alloc: s0 r0 d32768 u32768 alloc=1*32768
[    0.000000] pcpu-alloc: [0] 0 
[    0.000000] Kernel command line: console=ttymxc4,115200 console=tty0 root=/dev/ram0 rw init=/init initrd=0x80810000 video=imxfb:800x480
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 16384
[    0.000000] mem auto-init: stack:all(zero), heap alloc:off, heap free:off
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] trace event string verifier disabled
[    0.000000] Running RCU self tests
[    0.000000] Running RCU synchronous self tests
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS: 16, nr_irqs: 16, preallocated irqs: 16
[    0.000000] MXC IRQ initialized
[    0.000000] CPU identified as i.MX25, silicon rev 1.2
[    0.000000] Switching to timer-based delay loop, resolution 30ns
[    0.000006] sched_clock: 32 bits at 33MHz, resolution 30ns, wraps every 64585974256ns
[    0.000066] clocksource: mxc_timer1: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 57481517202 ns
[    0.004384] Console: colour dummy device 80x30
[    0.004999] printk: legacy console [tty0] enabled
[    0.016566] Lock dependency validator: Copyright (c) 2006 Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar
[    0.017151] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_SUBCLASSES:  8
[    0.017486] ... MAX_LOCK_DEPTH:          48
[    0.017815] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_KEYS:        8192
[    0.018149] ... CLASSHASH_SIZE:          4096
[    0.018480] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_ENTRIES:     32768
[    0.018814] ... MAX_LOCKDEP_CHAINS:      65536
[    0.019147] ... CHAINHASH_SIZE:          32768
[    0.019481]  memory used by lock dependency info: 4125 kB
[    0.019860]  memory used for stack traces: 2112 kB
[    0.020206]  per task-struct memory footprint: 1536 bytes
[    0.020725] Calibrating delay loop (skipped), value calculated using timer frequency.. 66.50 BogoMIPS (lpj=332500)
[    0.021450] CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok
[    0.022761] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.025243] Mount-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
[    0.025884] Mountpoint-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
[    0.073680] Setting up static identity map for 0x80008400 - 0x80008458
[    0.085576] Memory: 37956K/65536K available (9749K kernel code, 1280K rwdata, 3376K rodata, 268K init, 6547K bss, 26652K reserved, 0K cma-reserved)
[    0.096335] devtmpfs: initialized
[    0.179101] VFP support v0.3: not present
[    0.182447] clocksource: jiffies: mask: 0xffffffff max_cycles: 0xffffffff, max_idle_ns: 19112604462750000 ns
[    0.183362] futex hash table entries: 256 (order: 1, 12288 bytes, linear)
[    0.185815] pinctrl core: initialized pinctrl subsystem
[    0.205681] NET: Registered PF_NETLINK/PF_ROUTE protocol family
[    0.221536] DMA: preallocated 256 KiB pool for atomic coherent allocations
[    0.330796] imx25-pinctrl 43fac000.iomuxc: no fsl,pins and pins property in node /soc/bus@43f00000/iomuxc@43fac000/imx25-pdk/gpio2grp
[    0.331989] imx25-pinctrl 43fac000.iomuxc: no fsl,pins and pins property in node /soc/bus@43f00000/iomuxc@43fac000/imx25-pdk/gpio3grp
[    0.333051] imx25-pinctrl 43fac000.iomuxc: no fsl,pins and pins property in node /soc/bus@43f00000/iomuxc@43fac000/imx25-pdk/gpio4grp
[    0.334058] imx25-pinctrl 43fac000.iomuxc: initialized IMX pinctrl driver
[    0.515410] gpio gpiochip0: Static allocation of GPIO base is deprecated, use dynamic allocation.
[    0.584717] gpio gpiochip1: Static allocation of GPIO base is deprecated, use dynamic allocation.
[    0.645743] gpio gpiochip2: Static allocation of GPIO base is deprecated, use dynamic allocation.
[    0.708005] gpio gpiochip3: Static allocation of GPIO base is deprecated, use dynamic allocation.
[    0.794464] SCSI subsystem initialized
[    0.812158] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbfs
[    0.813579] usbcore: registered new interface driver hub
[    0.814648] usbcore: registered new device driver usb
[    0.817583] usb_phy_generic usb-phy0: dummy supplies not allowed for exclusive requests (id=vbus)
[    0.820081] usb_phy_generic usb-phy1: dummy supplies not allowed for exclusive requests (id=vbus)
[    0.842416] i2c i2c-0: IMX I2C adapter registered
[    0.846194] pps_core: LinuxPPS API ver. 1 registered
[    0.847007] pps_core: Software ver. 5.3.6 - Copyright 2005-2007 Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@linux.it>
[    0.863949] Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Driver Initialized.
[    0.912744] clocksource: Switched to clocksource mxc_timer1
[    1.289104] NET: Registered PF_INET protocol family
[    1.291773] IP idents hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes, linear)
[    1.297417] tcp_listen_portaddr_hash hash table entries: 128 (order: 0, 5120 bytes, linear)
[    1.298178] Table-perturb hash table entries: 65536 (order: 6, 262144 bytes, linear)
[    1.298816] TCP established hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes, linear)
[    1.299554] TCP bind hash table entries: 1024 (order: 4, 81920 bytes, linear)
[    1.301206] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 1024 bind 1024)
[    1.303225] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 24576 bytes, linear)
[    1.340854] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 2, 24576 bytes, linear)
[    1.343290] NET: Registered PF_UNIX/PF_LOCAL protocol family
[    1.365556] RPC: Registered named UNIX socket transport module.
[    1.366378] RPC: Registered udp transport module.
[    1.366806] RPC: Registered tcp transport module.
[    1.367206] RPC: Registered tcp-with-tls transport module.
[    1.367640] RPC: Registered tcp NFSv4.1 backchannel transport module.
[    1.380707] Unpacking initramfs...
[    5.104388] Freeing initrd memory: 4472K
[    5.933873] workingset: timestamp_bits=30 max_order=14 bucket_order=0
[    5.945979] NFS: Registering the id_resolver key type
[    5.948048] Key type id_resolver registered
[    5.948806] Key type id_legacy registered
[    5.949966] jffs2: version 2.2. (NAND) © 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
[    5.957058] Block layer SCSI generic (bsg) driver version 0.4 loaded (major 249)
[    5.958038] io scheduler mq-deadline registered
[    5.958500] io scheduler kyber registered
[    5.959095] io scheduler bfq registered
[    6.047372] imx-fb 53fbc000.lcdc: i.MX Framebuffer driver
[    6.096587] Console: switching to colour frame buffer device 100x30
[    6.118374] imx-fb 53fbc000.lcdc: supply lcd not found, using dummy regulator
[    6.189190] imx-sdma 53fd4000.dma-controller: external firmware not found, using ROM firmware
[    6.225695] 43f90000.serial: ttymxc0 at MMIO 0x43f90000 (irq = 61, base_baud = 4156250) is a IMX
[    6.254762] 43f94000.serial: ttymxc1 at MMIO 0x43f94000 (irq = 48, base_baud = 4156250) is a IMX
[    6.280336] 50008000.serial: ttymxc3 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq = 21, base_baud = 4156250) is a IMX
[    6.306656] 5000c000.serial: ttymxc2 at MMIO 0x5000c000 (irq = 34, base_baud = 4156250) is a IMX
[    6.330882] 5002c000.serial: ttymxc4 at MMIO 0x5002c000 (irq = 56, base_baud = 4156250) is a IMX
[    6.346477] printk: legacy console [ttymxc4] enabled
[    7.201433] fec 50038000.ethernet: Invalid MAC address: 00:00:00:00:00:00
[    7.221484] fec 50038000.ethernet: Using random MAC address: 02:6e:47:74:d1:a6
[    7.303696] usbcore: registered new interface driver usb-storage
[    7.334464] imx_usb 53ff4000.usb: No over current polarity defined
[    7.375486] usb_phy_generic usb-phy0: Unknown USB charger state: 0
[    7.413109] imx_usb 53ff4400.usb: No over current polarity defined
[    7.437659] ci_hdrc ci_hdrc.1: EHCI Host Controller
[    7.457434] ci_hdrc ci_hdrc.1: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1
[    7.493658] ci_hdrc ci_hdrc.1: USB 2.0 started, EHCI 1.00
[    7.543875] hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found
[    7.564209] hub 1-0:1.0: 1 port detected
[    7.612575] mousedev: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice
[    7.653778] rtc-isl1208 0-006f: rtc power failure detected, please set clock.
[    7.689940] rtc-isl1208 0-006f: registered as rtc0
[    7.714413] rtc-isl1208 0-006f: hctosys: unable to read the hardware clock
[    7.738216] i2c_dev: i2c /dev entries driver
[    7.798791] sdhci: Secure Digital Host Controller Interface driver
[    7.822166] sdhci: Copyright(c) Pierre Ossman
[    7.839472] sdhci-pltfm: SDHCI platform and OF driver helper
[    7.875960] usbcore: registered new interface driver usbhid
[    7.894720] usbhid: USB HID core driver
[    7.913430] usb 1-1: new full-speed USB device number 2 using ci_hdrc
[    7.979136] usbcore: registered new interface driver snd-usb-audio
[    8.025914] fsl-ssi-dai 50034000.ssi: No cache defaults, reading back from HW
[    8.060061] NET: Registered PF_PACKET protocol family
[    8.080957] Key type dns_resolver registered
[    8.143673] usb 1-1: not running at top speed; connect to a high speed hub
[    8.228099] hub 1-1:1.0: USB hub found
[    8.276408] hub 1-1:1.0: 4 ports detected
[    8.318491] registered taskstats version 1
[    8.693354] usb 1-1.1: new full-speed USB device number 3 using ci_hdrc
[    8.850364] clk: Disabling unused clocks
[    8.875896] ALSA device list:
[    8.891958]   #0: Dummy 1
[    8.925496] Freeing unused kernel image (initmem) memory: 268K
[    8.945596] Kernel memory protection not selected by kernel config.
[    8.966235] Run /init as init process
[    8.983710]   with arguments:
[    8.983805]     /init
[    8.983885]   with environment:
[    8.983954]     HOME=/
[    8.984025]     TERM=linux
[    9.113390] usb 1-1.3: new low-speed USB device number 4 using ci_hdrc
[    9.445038] input: HID 04d9:1400 as /devices/platform/soc/53f00000.bus/53ff4400.usb/ci_hdrc.1/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.0/0003:04D9:1400.0001/input/input0
[    9.504625] SMSC LAN8710/LAN8720 50038000.ethernet-1:00: attached PHY driver (mii_bus:phy_addr=50038000.ethernet-1:00, irq=POLL)
[    9.583967] hid-generic 0003:04D9:1400.0001: input: USB HID v1.10 Keyboard [HID 04d9:1400] on usb-ci_hdrc.1-1.3/input0
[    9.778975] input: HID 04d9:1400 Mouse as /devices/platform/soc/53f00000.bus/53ff4400.usb/ci_hdrc.1/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.1/0003:04D9:1400.0002/input/input1
[    9.864811] input: HID 04d9:1400 Consumer Control as /devices/platform/soc/53f00000.bus/53ff4400.usb/ci_hdrc.1/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.1/0003:04D9:1400.0002/input/input2
[    9.979479] input: HID 04d9:1400 System Control as /devices/platform/soc/53f00000.bus/53ff4400.usb/ci_hdrc.1/usb1/1-1/1-1.3/1-1.3:1.1/0003:04D9:1400.0002/input/input3
[   10.032576] hid-generic 0003:04D9:1400.0002: input: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [HID 04d9:1400] on usb-ci_hdrc.1-1.3/input1
[   10.193278] usb 1-1.4: new low-speed USB device number 5 using ci_hdrc
[   10.415316] input: Logitech USB-PS/2 Optical Mouse as /devices/platform/soc/53f00000.bus/53ff4400.usb/ci_hdrc.1/usb1/1-1/1-1.4/1-1.4:1.0/0003:046D:C050.0003/input/input4
[   10.476068] hid-generic 0003:046D:C050.0003: input: USB HID v1.10 Mouse [Logitech USB-PS/2 Optical Mouse] on usb-ci_hdrc.1-1.4/input0
[   11.628818] fec 50038000.ethernet eth0: Link is Up - 100Mbps/Full - flow control off
[   19.075536] platform sound: deferred probe pending: asoc-simple-card: parse error
[   57.505675] random: crng init done

[schulz-alexander]

figured it out, why i didn't see the messages at all. The status in the dts-file was wrong:

&esdhc1 {
	pinctrl-names = "default";
	pinctrl-0 = <&pinctrl_esdhc1>;
	bus-width = <4>;
	status = "disabled";                                     <---- should be "okay"
};

[schulz-alexander]

im my dmesg i got

sdhci-esdhc-imx 53fb4000.mmc: card clock still not stable in 100us!.

[schulz-alexander]

this is the source: https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/adc218676eef25575469234709c2d87185ca223a/drivers/mmc/host/sdhci-esdhc-imx.c#L1000

	/* need to wait the bit 3 of the PRSSTAT to be set, make sure card clock is stable */
	ret = readl_poll_timeout(host->ioaddr + ESDHC_PRSSTAT, temp,
				(temp & ESDHC_CLOCK_STABLE), 2, 100);
	if (ret == -ETIMEDOUT)
		dev_warn(mmc_dev(host->mmc), "card clock still not stable in 100us!.\n");

it seesm that the ESDHC_PRSSTAT is getting not set. Normaly the clock ist created internally, so it should be stable without our interaction.

[xn--nding-jua]

Ah, I figured it out: it seems that the standard card-clock was to high. I reduced it to 10MHz and it is working now and the sd-card is showing up as /dev/mmcblk0 and the individual partitions as /dev/mmcblk0p1 and so on.

Next week I will try different speeds and see where the limit is.

[xn--nding-jua]

Tonight I will extend the x32ctrl to readout the sd-card - if it is available. The SD-card contains the useful information here:

Header:
Address 0x1B8
Data 0xFEEDBEEF

Configuration-Header:
Address 0x1FE
Data 0x55AA

Configuration:
Address 0x200
ASCII :CFG8D1F:SN=SyymmxxxASF:MDL=X32:DATE=yyyymmdd-hhmmss:DBG=Y:LCD=E0012003,8100EAC6,2BD00000,17150004,128:MAC=aabbccddeeff

So we can readout the device-type without problems when starting x32ctrl.

This also solves the problem with changing MAC-Addresses as well - but for this we need an additional program that reads the data before udhcpc is requesting a new IP-Address from the DHCP-server.

[schulz-alexander]

The configuration should also be in SRAM, because the dcp-loader copies around 0x200 bytes to sram, so it can use the config values as well.

[schulz-alexander]

Extract the config to lokal file:

dd if=/dev/mmcblk0 of=./x32_config.bin bs=1 skip=512 count=122

[xn--nding-jua]

I've created a rough first sketch of software here: software\setmac. Its untested and I've written it in texteditor without a compilation. Good idea with the SRAM. I will check this