Implement West Virginia Child Care Assistance Program (CCAP)

[hua7450]

Summary

Implements West Virginia's Child Care Assistance Program (CCAP) -- the state's CCDF-funded child care subsidy providing provider reimbursement minus parent copayment for eligible families.

Closes #7947

Regulatory Authority

• Subsidy Policy Manual (Oct 2024) -- Ch.3 eligibility, Ch.5 income, Ch.6 fees, Ch.7 payment rates
• Appendix A: Sliding Fee Scale (Oct 2024) -- co-payment by FPL bracket and family size
• Appendix B: Rate Structure (Oct 2024) -- daily provider rates by type, age, quality tier
• 2024 SMI Chart -- 85% SMI income cap by family size
• CCDF State Plan 2025-2027 -- Sec 2.2 eligibility, Sec 3.1 copay cap, Sec 3.3 fee waivers

Eligibility

Requirement	Source	How Modeled
Child under age 13	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	wv_ccap_eligible_child (age < 13)
Special needs child up to 18	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	wv_ccap_eligible_child (is_disabled branch)
Child is US citizen or qualified immigrant	Policy Manual Ch.3; Appendix E	is_ccdf_immigration_eligible_child (federal variable)
Child resides in WV	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	defined_for = StateCode.WV
Child is dependent of family	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	is_tax_unit_dependent
Parent in qualifying activity (employment/education/training)	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	wv_ccap_activity_eligible (weekly hours >= 20)
Both parents active in two-parent family	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	wv_ccap_activity_eligible (all heads/spouses must qualify)
Gross income <= 150% FPL (initial)	Policy Manual Ch.5 p.42	wv_ccap_income_eligible with fpl_limit/initial param
Gross income <= 185% FPL (ongoing/enrolled)	Policy Manual Ch.5 p.42; CCDF Plan Sec 2.2.3	wv_ccap_income_eligible with fpl_limit/ongoing + wv_ccap_enrolled flag
Income below 85% SMI absolute cap	CCDF Plan Sec 2.2.4; SMI Chart	wv_ccap_income_eligible with smi_rate param x hhs_smi
TANF recipients categorically eligible	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	is_tanf_enrolled bypasses income test

Income Rules

Countable income (wv_ccap_countable_income, uses adds from sources.yaml):

• Earned: employment_income, self_employment_income
• Unearned: social_security, ssi, unemployment_compensation, workers_compensation, pension_income, alimony_income, child_support_received, dividend_income, interest_income, rental_income, veterans_benefits, military_retirement_pay, tanf

Excluded income (not in sources list): SNAP, LIEAP/LIHEAP, foster care payments, educational grants/loans, one-time lump sums.

Thresholds:

• Initial application: 150% FPL
• Ongoing (enrolled): 185% FPL (graduated phase-out)
• Absolute cap: 85% SMI by family size

Provider Rates (Appendix B, daily, effective Oct 1 2024)

Family Child Care Home

Age Group	Tier I	Tier II	Tier III
Infant (0-12mo)	$30	$33	$36
Toddler (13-23mo)	$28	$31	$34
Pre-School (2-4yr)	$26	$29	$32
School-Age (5+yr)	$26	$29	$32

Family Child Care Facility

Age Group	Tier I	Tier II	Tier III
Infant	$35	$38	$41
Toddler	$34	$37	$40
Pre-School	$32	$35	$38
School-Age	$32	$35	$38

Child Care Center

Age Group	Tier I	Tier II	Tier III
Infant	$39	$42	$45
Toddler	$36	$39	$42
Pre-School	$32	$35	$39
School-Age	$32	$35	$39

Other Care Types

Type	Rate
Out of School Time (all ages)	$14.50/day (Tier I only)
Informal/Relative (under 2)	$7.50/day
Informal/Relative (2 and over)	$6.00/day
Special Needs supplement	+$3.00/day
Non-Traditional Hours supplement	+$6.00/day

Co-payment

The actual WV sliding fee scale is a 176-cell lookup table (16 FPL brackets x 11 family sizes). This implementation uses a simplified percentage-of-income approximation derived from the 3-person family column as a representative middle case:

FPL Range	Co-pay Rate
Below 40% FPL	0% (exempt)
40-70% FPL	2.5% of income
70-110% FPL	3.0% of income
110-150% FPL	3.5% of income
150-185% FPL	4.0% of income

Caps and exemptions:

• Maximum co-payment: 7% of gross income (CCDF Plan Sec 3.1)
• Foster/kinship families: $0 co-payment (CCDF Plan Sec 3.3)
• Families below 40% FPL: $0 co-payment (CCDF Plan Sec 3.3)

Benefit Calculation

daily_benefit_per_child = min(daily_rate + supplements, daily_charge)
monthly_reimbursement = sum_over_children(daily_benefit * days_per_month)
monthly_benefit = min(pre_subsidy_childcare_expenses - copay, monthly_reimbursement)

Where:

• daily_rate = provider rate from Appendix B (by type x tier x age)
• supplements = special needs (+$3/day) and/or non-traditional hours (+$6/day)
• daily_charge = actual provider charge (derived from pre_subsidy_childcare_expenses / days_per_month)
• days_per_month = childcare_days_per_week * 52/12
• copay = family-level co-payment (single amount regardless of number of children)

Not Modeled (by design)

What	Source	Why Excluded
Court-supervised children up to 18	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	No is_under_court_supervision variable in PolicyEngine
CPS/protective services referral (bypasses activity)	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	Administrative determination, not simulatable
90-day job search limit	Policy Manual Ch.3 p.18	Time-limited activity, not simulatable in monthly model
CPS family fee waiver ($0 copay)	CCDF Plan Sec 3.3 p.42	No CPS referral status variable
Supplemental Child Care (non-CCDF)	Supplemental Policy (Apr 2023)	Separate program with different funding stream
Part-day conversion chart	Appendix C	Attendance-level tracking, not simulatable
12-month eligibility period	Policy Manual Ch.6 p.53	Administrative timeline, not relevant to point-in-time simulation

Files Added

parameters/gov/states/wv/dhhr/ccap/
  eligibility/
    child_age_limit.yaml
    special_needs_child_age_limit.yaml
    min_parent_age.yaml
    activity_hours.yaml
  income/
    fpl_limit/
      initial.yaml
      ongoing.yaml
    smi_rate.yaml
    countable_income/
      sources.yaml
  copayment/
    rate.yaml
    max_share.yaml
  rates/
    family_home.yaml
    family_facility.yaml
    center.yaml
    out_of_school_time.yaml
    informal_relative.yaml
  supplements/
    special_needs.yaml
    non_traditional_hours.yaml
  age_group/
    months.yaml
    informal_months.yaml

variables/gov/states/wv/dhhr/ccap/
  eligibility/
    wv_ccap_eligible.py
    wv_ccap_eligible_child.py
    wv_ccap_activity_eligible.py
    wv_ccap_income_eligible.py
  wv_ccap_provider_type.py       (enum: 5 provider types)
  wv_ccap_quality_tier.py        (enum: Tier I/II/III)
  wv_ccap_child_age_category.py  (enum: Infant/Toddler/Pre-School/School-Age)
  wv_ccap_informal_age_group.py  (enum: Under 2 / 2 and Over)
  wv_ccap_enrolled.py            (input: initial vs ongoing applicant)
  wv_ccap_non_traditional_hours.py (input: non-traditional hours flag)
  wv_ccap_countable_income.py    (adds from sources.yaml)
  wv_ccap_copay.py               (% of income, 7% cap, foster exemption)
  wv_ccap_daily_rate.py          (rate lookup by type x tier x age)
  wv_ccap_daily_benefit.py       (min(rate + supplements, charge))
  wv_ccap.py                     (monthly benefit = reimbursement - copay)
  wv_child_care_subsidies.py     (integration wrapper)

tests/policy/baseline/gov/states/wv/dhhr/ccap/
  wv_ccap_eligible_child.yaml    (5 cases)
  wv_ccap_income_eligible.yaml   (4 cases)
  wv_ccap_copay.yaml             (4 cases)
  wv_ccap_daily_rate.yaml        (7 cases)
  wv_ccap_eligible.yaml          (6 cases)
  wv_ccap_daily_benefit.yaml     (3 cases)
  wv_ccap_countable_income.yaml  (3 cases)
  wv_ccap_child_age_category.yaml (6 cases)
  wv_child_care_subsidies.yaml   (1 case)
  edge_cases.yaml                (50 cases)
  integration.yaml               (5 cases)

Test Plan

• 94 tests pass (unit + integration + edge cases across 11 test files)
• CI passes

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 100.00%. Comparing base (20b8599) to head (60deb0a).
⚠️ Report is 55 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              main     #7948    +/-   ##
==========================================
  Coverage   100.00%   100.00%            
==========================================
  Files            1        16    +15     
  Lines           17       255   +238     
==========================================
+ Hits            17       255   +238     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.