Reproducible build: fix MSVC build reproducibility

[mgovers]

The MSVC build reproducibility failed recently (see e.g. https://github.com/PowerGridModel/power-grid-model/actions/runs/26438097171/job/77825539883)

The underlying reason seems to be related to a couple things related to the debug directories: (tested using dumpbin /HEADERS <first> <second> and also with a full check using dumpbin /ALL <first> <second>)

Changes in this PR

• For the reproducibile build check, migrated from RelWithDebInfo to Release to get rid of more debug symbols
  • NOTE: THIS MAY CAUSE CMakeUserPresets.json TO BREAK FOR SOME DEVELOPERS
• set /debug:None to force Debug Directories to be reproducible (creates a None string instead)
• set /NOCOFFGRPINFO to remove the COFFGRP directory from the Debug Directories
• set /LTCG to disable the default fast linking code generation (which is not fully disabled by disabling incremental build)

Test case

First

  Debug Directories

        Time Type        Size      RVA  Pointer
    -------- ------- -------- -------- --------
    E39168F9 cv            79 006D2934   6D1934    Format: RSDS, {9310574C-CE7A-FD1A-032B-721FC6B9EABA}, 1, D:\a\power-grid-model\power-grid-model\cpp_build\ci-msvc-reproducible\bin\power_grid_model_c.pdb
    E39168F9 feat          14 006D29B0   6D19B0    Counts: Pre-VC++ 11.00=0, C/C++=46, /GS=46, /sdl=0, guardN=37
    E39168F9 coffgrp      33C 006D29C4   6D19C4    4C544347 (LTCG)
    E39168F9 repro         24 006D2D00   6D1D00    4C 57 10 93 7A CE 1A FD 03 2B 72 1F C6 B9 EA BA 4A 7A A3 30 4A 32 40 08 69 87 BA 73 F9 68 91 E3

Second

  Debug Directories

        Time Type        Size      RVA  Pointer
    -------- ------- -------- -------- --------
    63B9CD42 cv            79 006D2934   6D1934    Format: RSDS, {EFB674F5-E861-8C49-023F-F88F6283BE43}, 1, D:\a\power-grid-model\power-grid-model\cpp_build\ci-msvc-reproducible\bin\power_grid_model_c.pdb
    63B9CD42 feat          14 006D29B0   6D19B0    Counts: Pre-VC++ 11.00=0, C/C++=46, /GS=46, /sdl=0, guardN=37
    63B9CD42 coffgrp      33C 006D29C4   6D19C4    4C544347 (LTCG)
    63B9CD42 repro         24 006D2D00   6D1D00    F5 74 B6 EF 61 E8 49 8C 02 3F F8 8F 62 83 BE 43 38 26 9D 50 D9 1F FE D0 12 2D 4E 50 42 CD B9 63

After this PR

  Debug Directories

        Time Type        Size      RVA  Pointer
    -------- ------- -------- -------- --------
    B825E477 repro         24 001A4F88   1A3788    1C DE 69 56 F8 9A 0F D4 97 D4 4E 6C 8E FB C9 E8 D5 EE C8 3A 4B 86 E4 CB 3D 0B F0 35 77 E4 25 B8

where the pointer and bytes are both consistent across multiple builds

To test

• re-run the reproducible build action multiple times (once may not be not be sufficient)
  • first: https://github.com/PowerGridModel/power-grid-model/actions/runs/26443450525
  • second: https://github.com/PowerGridModel/power-grid-model/actions/runs/26444002791
• download the MSVC reproducible build artifacts and compare across multiple runs: all are identical (comparing using dumpbin /ALL <first> <second>)

[mgovers]

do-not-merge label added for testing they are binary equivalent even across multiple reruns of the reproducibility pipeline; do-not-merge label removed

[nitbharambe]

(EDIT: I see its already in the description!)

Also referencing your sources as it explains the flags:

• https://winternl.com/why-is-there-a-debug-directory-in-my-release-build/
• llvm/llvm-project@13b55bb#diff-d313cd739d4a082d5fe8da1aeae5cdcaaf9d30b5ae178aff3822fb7ab4cc844c

[sonarqubecloud]

Quality Gate passed

Issues
0 New issues
0 Accepted issues

Measures
0 Security Hotspots
0.0% Coverage on New Code
0.0% Duplication on New Code

See analysis details on SonarQube Cloud