Spanish ADJ frequently...

[AngledLuffa]

• end in a but get lemmatized to a instead of o, could possibly unify these
• end in a and have no Gender feature

[AngledLuffa]

for Gender feature, we are happy to omit Gender for invariable ADJ

[AngledLuffa]

Alright, I grinded through all the ADJ in AnCora, GSD, and PUD. The only ones that end in -a and still have -a lemmas are the following (which is a noticeable list, TBH)

special_cases = [
    "alienígena",
    "indígena",
    "hipócrita",
    "idiota",
    "pirata",
    "extra",
    "quejica",  # whiny, apparently no quejico
    "psicópata",
    "rubioceniza", # a compound of two other ADJ
    "cosmopolita",
    "mosca", # annoyed
    "fantasma",
    "ultra",
    "nómada",
    "entusiasta",
    "boricua",
    "antidroga",
    "iconoclasta",
    "antisistema",
    "patriota",
    "okupa",    # not sure... is both M/F as NOUN, presumably also as ADJ?
    "ratonera", # rat trap... ratonero is a buzzard, so if used as ADJ, probably has to keep -a?
    "déspota",
    "biplaza",
    "toquilla",   # a type of straw, used as "straw hat"
    "masoca",     # masochist
    "hembra",     # female
    "punta",      # invariable for "peak velocity" etc?
    "multimedia",
    "basura",     # used in a phrase like "comida basura" as an ADJ
    "profamilia",
    "tierra-tierra",   # is this even a single word?  ground to ground (as in, missile)
    "supermosca",  # for example, in the context "campeón supermosca", where it is not inflected
    "antipersona", # minas antipersonas.  looked for "antipersono" and could not find anything like it
    # such as in the phrase "sangre mangosta", "mongoose blood", such
    # as you would inject into someone to make them a mongoose-powered superhero
    "mangosta",
    # in context: "el hijo honoriscausa".  not inflected in the text.
    # not in any dictionary.  described by ChatGPT as a Latin insertion.
    "honoriscausa",
    # specifically the Colombian dish "bandeja paisa"
    # this is getting in the weeds.  apparently there is also a plural form
    # "bandejas paisas" but i can't find a "paiso" attested to
    "paisa",

    # many demonyms are common gender / invariable for gender
    "persa",
    "belga",
    "francobelga",
    "croata",
    "hitita",
    "chiíta",
    "marroquí",
    "iraní",
    "iraquí",
    "israelí",
    "hindú",
    "zulú",
    "lisboeta",
    "blaugrana", # barcelona fan
    "azulgrana",
    # from San Salvador.  An example sentence in the online dictionary I found was
    #  "Juego en un equipo donostiarra"
    #  https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/donostiarra
    "donostiarra",
    "vietnamita",
    "celta",
    "maya",
    "moscovita",
    "tlaxcalteca",
    "chipriota",   # from Cyprus
    "carioca",     # from Rio de Janiero
    "inca",
    "azteca",
    "olmeca",
    "jesuíta",
    "purépecha",   # a specific Mexican minority
    "quechua",
    "quichua",
    "angora",
    "nahua",
    "etarra",   # member of ETA
    "myanma",
    "maronita", # Maronite Church in Lebanon
    "aymara",   # an Indigenous group of the Andes
    "semita",   # semite, has only -a forms
    "antisemita",
    # this I am not sure of
    # according to ChatGPT: It is almost certainly referring to the ancient Italic tribe: Bruttii
    "brucia",
    # also not sure of.  does "omeyo" exist?
    "omeya",
    # perj. for gay
    "marica",


    "crema",    # the color cream, used as ADJ
    "rosa",
    "naranja",
    "violeta",
    "lavanda",
    "ultravioleta",
]

def is_special_case(word):
    if word in special_cases:
        return True
    if word.endswith("ista"):
        return True
    if word.endswith("ísta"):
        return True
    if word.endswith("ícola"):
        return True
    if word.endswith("cida"):
        return True
    if word.endswith("crata"):
        return True
    if word.endswith("arca"):
        return True
    return False

[AngledLuffa]

What we could do next is look for any ADJ which fit the above criteria and make sure they don't have Gender features, also checking for ones that end in e I suppose, then also check that otherwise all ADJ do have Gender features

[Stormur]

Some might (should?) even be NOUNs. I saw punta, like top in "top speed". It sounds like a telegraphic noun combination. I wonder if it is not the same for pirata and others.

[AngledLuffa]

Depends on the context. In many contexts, the word was used in an ADJ sense and tagged that way in the Spanish treebanks. For example, for punta:

# sent_id = es-train-005-s316
# text = Un motor robusto, de 3 velocidades y 4 cilindros en bloque que permitía unas velocidades puntas entre 64 y 72 Km / h en llano con un consumo de unos 11-19 litros cada 100 Km que propulsaba el coche a través de la tracción posterior acababa de atar el Ford T con las ideas de Henry Ford.
9       4       4       NUM     _       NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card      10      nummod  _       _
10      cilindros       cilindro        NOUN    _       Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7       conj    _       _
11      en      en      ADP     _       _       12      case    _       _
12      bloque  bloque  NOUN    _       Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10      nmod    _       _
13      que     que     SCONJ   _       _       14      mark    _       _
14      permitía        permitir        VERB    _       Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin    2       acl:relcl       _       _
15      unas    uno     DET     _       Definite=Ind|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art        16      det     _       _
16      velocidades     velocidad       NOUN    _       Gender=Fem|Number=Plur  14      obj     _       _
17      puntas  punta   ADJ     _       Gender=Fem|Number=Plur  16      amod    _       _
18      entre   entre   ADP     _       _       22      case    _       _
19      64      64      NUM     _       NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card      22      nummod  _       _
20      y       y       CCONJ   _       _       22      cc      _       _
21      72      72      NUM     _       NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card      22      nummod  _       _
22      Km      km      SYM     _       _       16      nmod    _       _
23      /       /       PUNCT   _       PunctType=Colo  24      punct   _       _
24      h       h       SYM     _       Gender=Fem|Number=Sing  22      dep     _       _

(questionable tokenization or at least dependencies on the Km/h at the end)

pirata:

# sent_id = CESS-CAST-A-20001114-10209-s4
# text = El número de asaltos piratas o secuestros se han multiplicado por 30 sólo en los últimos diez meses, el mayor registro en una década, según un informe del Departamento Marítimo para la Piratería, con sede en Kuala Lumpur, presentado en una conferencia sobre piratería que durará dos días y que comenzó hoy en la capital malasia.
# orig_file_sentence 031#74
1       El      el      DET     da0ms0  Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art       2       det     2:det   Entity=(NOCOREF:Gen--2-gstype:gen
2       número  número  NOUN    ncms000 Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10      nsubj   10:nsubj        ArgTem=arg1:tem
3       de      de      ADP     sps00   _       4       case    4:case  _
4       asaltos asalto  NOUN    ncmp000 Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2       nmod    2:nmod  Entity=(CESSCASTA2000111410209c9--1-CorefType:ident,gstype:gen
5       piratas pirata  ADJ     aq0cp0  Number=Plur     4       amod    4:amod  ArgTem=arg0:agt

[dan-zeman]

I would throw away tierra-tierra from the list. Whether or not it is a single word, I think it is a noun (or two nouns). Here even the derived adjective (from one tierra) would have a different form: terrestre.

[AngledLuffa]

So it seems we have settled on removing Gender from ADJ which are invariable in Gender. For example, indígena and the others I have listed.

What about Number? There are ADJ which do not inflect for Number, either...

Dispone de 116 aparatos de vía, 1,4 millones de traviesas bibloque, 3,3 millones de toneladas de balasto y 102.000 toneladas de raíles.

as opposed to having bibloques, which (I believe) is incorrect:

Dispone de 116 aparatos de vía, 1,4 millones de traviesas bibloques, 3,3 millones de toneladas de balasto y 102.000 toneladas de raíles.