Docs: Update inline docs for various category template tags functions

[dilipbheda]

Trac ticket: https://core.trac.wordpress.org/ticket/63225

[github-actions]

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Core Committers: Use this line as a base for the props when committing in SVN:

Props dilipbheda, mukesh27, audrasjb.

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[github-actions]

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[audrasjb]

There are some misalignment issues in this changeset, but I'll fix them directly when committing.

[github-actions]

A commit was made that fixes the Trac ticket referenced in the description of this pull request.

SVN changeset: 60271
GitHub commit: 735c0fd

This PR will be closed, but please confirm the accuracy of this and reopen if there is more work to be done.