The objective of this project is to analyse the growing threat of heat waves, identify the regions most vulnerable to their impacts, and understand the demographic and geographic factors that contribute to this vulnerability. The main messages meant to be communicated are:
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Rising Frequency and Danger of Heat Waves: Heat waves have been occurring more frequently in recent years. In lieu cold waves, which have a higher fatality rate, have become less common. However, heat waves pose a greater danger due to their higher exposure, resulting in a significantly larger absolute death toll. The rising number of heat waves thus represents an imminent threat that should not be underestimated, for it has potential to cause severe consequences on human health and mortality.
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Regional Vulnerability: Europe faces the greatest threat from the rise in heat waves, bearing most heat-related deaths globally due to the disproportionately high frequency of heat waves in the region. Southern and Western Europe are particularly affected, facing more frequent and intense heat waves compared to the other European subregions.
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Factors Increasing Vulnerability: In addition to its geographic location, certain European countries are more susceptible to heat wave fatalities due to high population density—leading to greater numbers of people affected per event—and a large proportion of elderly individuals—who are particularly vulnerable to extreme heat. Recognizing these factors can help identify populations that may require increased support and targeted interventions during heat events.
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