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Anatropic

This is a computational physics project, not an AI tool. The name "Anatropic" refers to anisotropic entropy production in cosmological structure formation. It has no relation to Anthropic (the AI company).

Metal-accelerated cosmological hydrodynamics for the τ framework

Anatropic is a GPU-accelerated adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) code designed to simulate structure formation in the τ framework — a modified gravity theory where the Khronon field's DBI kinetic term produces scale-dependent sound speed c_s²(k) → 0 at sub-galactic scales, enabling Jeans fragmentation at sub-kpc scales.

Physics

The τ framework (Huang 2026) connects:

  • Running G: G(r) = G_N[1 + 2k_*r/π] (Kumar 2025, Gubitosi+ 2024)
  • Khronon = GDM equivalence (Blanchet & Skordis 2024)
  • Scale-dependent sound speed: c_s²(k) = (μ₀/k)² where μ₀ = H₀/c

When c_s → 0 at galactic scales, the Jeans length λ_J = √(πc_s²c²/(Gρ)) shrinks to sub-kpc, potentially producing density fluctuations observable in gravitational lensing.

Results (Phase 1)

Our 1D and 2D simulations of the Khronon Jeans instability reveal:

  • When c_s → 0, all modes become simultaneously Jeans-unstable (dust limit)
  • Growth rates converge to the free-fall rate ω_J = √(4πGρ₀) independent of wavelength
  • 2D simulations produce filamentary structure (nodes, filaments, voids) — a self-similar multi-scale fragmentation pattern
  • Power spectrum: P(k) ~ k⁻²·², a broad continuum with no preferred scale

2D Morphology Comparison

Morphology Comparison

1D Growth Rates

Growth Rates

Interactive 3D Visualization

Live demo → anatropic.pages.dev

Three-panel WebGL comparison (volume ray marching + voxel rendering) of ψDM, Khronon, and CDM morphologies. Switch between render modes with tabs.

Note: The 3D visualization shows topology only (filamentary vs periodic vs discrete), not physical amplitude. Real dark matter perturbations are δρ/ρ ~ 1–10% and are invisible — detectable only through gravitational lensing residuals.

Architecture

  • Phase 1 (current): Python prototype — 1D/2D Euler + Poisson solver
  • Phase 2 (planned): Apple Metal compute shaders for 3D GPU acceleration
  • Phase 3 (planned): Full AMR with τ-EOS

Modules

Module Description Status
anatropic.euler Godunov hydro solver (HLLE Riemann) Phase 1
anatropic.gravity FFT Poisson solver (self-gravity) Phase 1
anatropic.eos τ-EOS: c_s²(k) = (μ₀/k)² Phase 1
anatropic.metal Metal compute shader backend Phase 2
anatropic.amr Adaptive mesh refinement Phase 3

Validation

Before running new physics, Anatropic is validated against:

  1. Sod shock tube (exact solution)
  2. Linear Jeans instability growth rate (analytical)
  3. Acoustic wave propagation
  4. GAMER test problem results (cross-code comparison)

Requirements

  • Python 3.9+
  • numpy, scipy, matplotlib
  • (Phase 2) macOS 13+ with Apple Silicon for Metal acceleration

References

  • Kumar 2025 (arXiv:2509.05246): Running G from QFT
  • Gubitosi et al. 2024 (arXiv:2403.00531): SPARC validation
  • Blanchet & Skordis 2024 (arXiv:2404.06584): Khronon = GDM
  • Thomas, Kopp & Skordis 2016 (arXiv:1601.05097): GDM constraints
  • Skordis & Złośnik 2021 (PRL 127, 161302): AeST theory
  • Schive et al. 2018 (arXiv:1712.07070): GAMER-2

License

BSD 3-Clause

Author

Sheng-Kai Huang (akai@fawstudio.com)

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GPU-accelerated cosmological hydrodynamics for the τ framework — Khronon Jeans fragmentation simulator

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