feat(blob): support blob-desc/blob-view config parsing, schema validation and BlobFileContext

include/paimon/defs.h

@@ -369,13 +369,28 @@ struct PAIMON_EXPORT Options {
     /// bytes. Default value is "false".
     static const char BLOB_AS_DESCRIPTOR[];
     /// "blob-field" - Specifies column names that should be stored as blob type. This is used
-    /// when you want to treat a BYTES column as a BLOB. Comma-separated field names.
-    /// Multiple blob fields are supported.
+    /// when you want to treat a BYTES column as a BLOB. Fields listed in blob-descriptor-field or
+    /// blob-view-field are also treated as BLOB fields. Comma-separated field names. Multiple blob
+    /// fields are supported. No default value.
     static const char BLOB_FIELD[];
-    // TODO(xinyu.lxy): support "blob-descriptor-field" - treat fields as BLOB and store as
-    // BlobDescriptor
-    // TODO(xinyu.lxy): support "blob-view-field" - treat fields as BLOB and resolve from upstream
-    // tables
+    /// "blob-descriptor-field" - Comma-separated field names to treat as BLOB fields and store as
+    /// serialized BlobDescriptor bytes inline in data files. No default value.
+    static const char BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD[];
+    /// "blob.stored-descriptor-fields" deprecated as a fallback for `BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD`.
+    static const char FALLBACK_BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD[];
+    /// "blob-view-field" - Comma-separated field names to treat as BLOB fields and store as
+    /// serialized BlobViewStruct bytes inline in data files and resolve from upstream tables at
+    /// read time. No default value.
+    static const char BLOB_VIEW_FIELD[];
+    /// "blob-external-storage-field" - Comma-separated BLOB field names (must be a subset of
+    /// blob-descriptor-field ) whose raw data will be written to external storage at write time.
+    /// The external storage path is configured via blob-external-storage-path. Orphan file cleanup
+    /// is not applied to that path. No default value.
+    static const char BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_FIELD[];
+    /// "blob-external-storage-path" - The external storage path where raw BLOB data from fields
+    /// configured by 'blob-external-storage-field' is written at write time. Orphan file cleanup is
+    /// not applied to this path. No default value.
+    static const char BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PATH[];
     /// "global-index.enabled" - Whether to enable global index for scan. Default value is "true".
     static const char GLOBAL_INDEX_ENABLED[];
     /// "global-index.thread-num" - The maximum number of concurrent scanner for global index. No

src/paimon/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -279,6 +279,7 @@ set(PAIMON_CORE_SRCS
     core/operation/key_value_file_store_write.cpp
     core/operation/manifest_file_merger.cpp
     core/operation/merge_file_split_read.cpp
+    core/operation/blob_file_context.cpp
     core/operation/orphan_files_cleaner.cpp
     core/operation/orphan_files_cleaner_impl.cpp
     core/operation/raw_file_split_read.cpp
@@ -675,6 +676,7 @@ if(PAIMON_BUILD_TESTS)
                     core/operation/file_store_write_test.cpp
                     core/operation/manifest_file_merger_test.cpp
                     core/operation/merge_file_split_read_test.cpp
+                    core/operation/blob_file_context_test.cpp
                     core/operation/orphan_files_cleaner_test.cpp
                     core/operation/raw_file_split_read_test.cpp
                     core/operation/read_context_test.cpp

src/paimon/common/defs.cpp

@@ -93,6 +93,11 @@ const char Options::DATA_EVOLUTION_ENABLED[] = "data-evolution.enabled";
 const char Options::PARTITION_GENERATE_LEGACY_NAME[] = "partition.legacy-name";
 const char Options::BLOB_AS_DESCRIPTOR[] = "blob-as-descriptor";
 const char Options::BLOB_FIELD[] = "blob-field";
+const char Options::BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD[] = "blob-descriptor-field";
+const char Options::FALLBACK_BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD[] = "blob.stored-descriptor-fields";
+const char Options::BLOB_VIEW_FIELD[] = "blob-view-field";
+const char Options::BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_FIELD[] = "blob-external-storage-field";
+const char Options::BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PATH[] = "blob-external-storage-path";
 const char Options::GLOBAL_INDEX_ENABLED[] = "global-index.enabled";
 const char Options::GLOBAL_INDEX_THREAD_NUM[] = "global-index.thread-num";
 const char Options::GLOBAL_INDEX_EXTERNAL_PATH[] = "global-index.external-path";

src/paimon/core/core_options.cpp

@@ -76,12 +76,15 @@ class ConfigParser {
 
     // Parse list configurations
     template <typename T>
-    Status ParseList(const std::string& key, const std::string& delimiter,
-                     std::vector<T>* list) const {
+    Status ParseList(const std::string& key, const std::string& delimiter, std::vector<T>* list,
+                     bool need_trim = false) const {
         auto iter = config_map_.find(key);
         if (iter != config_map_.end()) {
             auto value_str_vec = StringUtils::Split(iter->second, delimiter, /*ignore_empty=*/true);
-            for (const auto& value_str : value_str_vec) {
+            for (auto& value_str : value_str_vec) {
+                if (need_trim) {
+                    StringUtils::Trim(&value_str);
+                }
                 if constexpr (std::is_same_v<T, std::string>) {
                     list->emplace_back(value_str);
                 } else {
@@ -375,6 +378,9 @@ struct CoreOptions::Impl {
     std::vector<std::string> sequence_field;
     std::vector<std::string> remove_record_on_sequence_group;
     std::vector<std::string> blob_fields;
+    std::vector<std::string> blob_descriptor_fields;
+    std::vector<std::string> blob_view_fields;
+    std::vector<std::string> blob_external_storage_fields;
 
     std::string partition_default_name = "__DEFAULT_PARTITION__";
     StartupMode startup_mode = StartupMode::Default();
@@ -387,6 +393,7 @@ struct CoreOptions::Impl {
     std::optional<std::string> field_default_func;
     std::optional<std::string> scan_fallback_branch;
     std::optional<std::string> data_file_external_paths;
+    std::optional<std::string> blob_external_storage_path;
 
     std::map<std::string, std::string> raw_options;
 
@@ -537,7 +544,27 @@ struct CoreOptions::Impl {
         PAIMON_RETURN_NOT_OK(parser.ParseBucketFunctionType(&bucket_function_type));
         // Parse blob-field - column names to store as blob type, comma separated
         PAIMON_RETURN_NOT_OK(parser.ParseList<std::string>(
-            Options::BLOB_FIELD, Options::FIELDS_SEPARATOR, &blob_fields));
+            Options::BLOB_FIELD, Options::FIELDS_SEPARATOR, &blob_fields, /*need_trim=*/true));
+        // Parse blob-descriptor-field - BLOB fields stored inline as serialized descriptors
+        PAIMON_RETURN_NOT_OK(
+            parser.ParseList<std::string>(Options::BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD, Options::FIELDS_SEPARATOR,
+                                          &blob_descriptor_fields, /*need_trim=*/true));
+        if (blob_descriptor_fields.empty()) {
+            PAIMON_RETURN_NOT_OK(parser.ParseList<std::string>(
+                Options::FALLBACK_BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD, Options::FIELDS_SEPARATOR,
+                &blob_descriptor_fields, /*need_trim=*/true));
+        }
+        // Parse blob-view-field - BLOB fields stored inline as serialized view metadata
+        PAIMON_RETURN_NOT_OK(parser.ParseList<std::string>(Options::BLOB_VIEW_FIELD,
+                                                           Options::FIELDS_SEPARATOR,
+                                                           &blob_view_fields, /*need_trim=*/true));
+        // Parse blob-external-storage-field - descriptor BLOB fields written to external storage
+        PAIMON_RETURN_NOT_OK(parser.ParseList<std::string>(
+            Options::BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_FIELD, Options::FIELDS_SEPARATOR,
+            &blob_external_storage_fields, /*need_trim=*/true));
+        // Parse blob-external-storage-path - external storage path for configured BLOB fields
+        PAIMON_RETURN_NOT_OK(
+            parser.Parse(Options::BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PATH, &blob_external_storage_path));
         return Status::OK();
     }
 
@@ -1389,6 +1416,29 @@ const std::vector<std::string>& CoreOptions::GetBlobFields() const {
     return impl_->blob_fields;
 }
 
+const std::vector<std::string>& CoreOptions::GetBlobDescriptorFields() const {
+    return impl_->blob_descriptor_fields;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::string>& CoreOptions::GetBlobViewFields() const {
+    return impl_->blob_view_fields;
+}
+
+std::vector<std::string> CoreOptions::GetBlobInlineFields() const {
+    std::vector<std::string> blob_inline_fields = impl_->blob_descriptor_fields;
+    blob_inline_fields.insert(blob_inline_fields.end(), impl_->blob_view_fields.begin(),
+                              impl_->blob_view_fields.end());
+    return blob_inline_fields;
+}
+
+const std::vector<std::string>& CoreOptions::GetBlobExternalStorageFields() const {
+    return impl_->blob_external_storage_fields;
+}
+
+std::optional<std::string> CoreOptions::GetBlobExternalStoragePath() const {
+    return impl_->blob_external_storage_path;
+}
+
 int64_t CoreOptions::GetLookupCacheFileRetentionMs() const {
     return impl_->lookup_cache_file_retention_ms;
 }

src/paimon/core/core_options.h

@@ -181,6 +181,11 @@ class PAIMON_EXPORT CoreOptions {
     std::optional<int32_t> GetGlobalIndexThreadNum() const;
 
     const std::vector<std::string>& GetBlobFields() const;
+    const std::vector<std::string>& GetBlobDescriptorFields() const;
+    const std::vector<std::string>& GetBlobViewFields() const;
+    std::vector<std::string> GetBlobInlineFields() const;
+    const std::vector<std::string>& GetBlobExternalStorageFields() const;
+    std::optional<std::string> GetBlobExternalStoragePath() const;
 
     const std::map<std::string, std::string>& ToMap() const;
 

src/paimon/core/core_options_test.cpp

@@ -114,6 +114,11 @@ TEST(CoreOptionsTest, TestDefaultValue) {
     ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.RowTrackingPartitionGroupOnCommit());
     ASSERT_FALSE(core_options.DataEvolutionEnabled());
     ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.GetBlobFields().empty());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.GetBlobDescriptorFields().empty());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.GetBlobViewFields().empty());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.GetBlobInlineFields().empty());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.GetBlobExternalStorageFields().empty());
+    ASSERT_EQ(std::nullopt, core_options.GetBlobExternalStoragePath());
     ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.LegacyPartitionNameEnabled());
     ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.GlobalIndexEnabled());
     ASSERT_EQ(std::nullopt, core_options.GetGlobalIndexExternalPath());
@@ -214,6 +219,10 @@ TEST(CoreOptionsTest, TestFromMap) {
         {Options::ROW_TRACKING_PARTITION_GROUP_ON_COMMIT, "false"},
         {Options::DATA_EVOLUTION_ENABLED, "true"},
         {Options::BLOB_FIELD, "blob1,blob2"},
+        {Options::BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD, "blob3,blob4"},
+        {Options::BLOB_VIEW_FIELD, "blob5"},
+        {Options::BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_FIELD, "blob3,blob4"},
+        {Options::BLOB_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PATH, "FILE:///tmp/blob_external_storage/"},
         {Options::PARTITION_GENERATE_LEGACY_NAME, "false"},
         {Options::GLOBAL_INDEX_ENABLED, "false"},
         {Options::GLOBAL_INDEX_THREAD_NUM, "4"},
@@ -343,6 +352,14 @@ TEST(CoreOptionsTest, TestFromMap) {
     ASSERT_FALSE(core_options.RowTrackingPartitionGroupOnCommit());
     ASSERT_TRUE(core_options.DataEvolutionEnabled());
     ASSERT_EQ(core_options.GetBlobFields(), std::vector<std::string>({"blob1", "blob2"}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(core_options.GetBlobDescriptorFields(), std::vector<std::string>({"blob3", "blob4"}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(core_options.GetBlobViewFields(), std::vector<std::string>({"blob5"}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(core_options.GetBlobInlineFields(),
+              std::vector<std::string>({"blob3", "blob4", "blob5"}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(core_options.GetBlobExternalStorageFields(),
+              std::vector<std::string>({"blob3", "blob4"}));
+    ASSERT_EQ(core_options.GetBlobExternalStoragePath(),
+              std::optional<std::string>("FILE:///tmp/blob_external_storage/"));
     ASSERT_FALSE(core_options.LegacyPartitionNameEnabled());
     ASSERT_FALSE(core_options.GlobalIndexEnabled());
     ASSERT_EQ(core_options.GetGlobalIndexThreadNum(), 4);
@@ -870,4 +887,20 @@ TEST(CoreOptionsTest, TestAssignmentIndependence) {
     ASSERT_EQ(MergeEngine::DEDUPLICATE, source.GetMergeEngine());
 }
 
+TEST(CoreOptionsTest, TestFallback) {
+    {
+        ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+            CoreOptions options,
+            CoreOptions::FromMap({{Options::FALLBACK_BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD, "b1,b2"}}));
+        ASSERT_EQ(options.GetBlobDescriptorFields(), std::vector<std::string>({"b1", "b2"}));
+    }
+    {
+        ASSERT_OK_AND_ASSIGN(
+            CoreOptions options,
+            CoreOptions::FromMap({{Options::FALLBACK_BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD, "b1,b2"},
+                                  {Options::BLOB_DESCRIPTOR_FIELD, "new_b1 , new_b2"}}));
+        ASSERT_EQ(options.GetBlobDescriptorFields(),
+                  std::vector<std::string>({"new_b1", "new_b2"}));
+    }
+}
 }  // namespace paimon::test

src/paimon/core/operation/blob_file_context.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026-present Alibaba Inc.
+ *
+ * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+ * You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+#include "paimon/core/operation/blob_file_context.h"
+
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "arrow/type.h"
+#include "paimon/common/data/blob_utils.h"
+#include "paimon/core/core_options.h"
+
+namespace paimon {
+
+BlobFileContext::BlobFileContext(std::set<std::string> descriptor_fields,
+                                 std::set<std::string> view_fields,
+                                 std::set<std::string> inline_fields,
+                                 std::set<std::string> external_storage_fields,
+                                 std::set<std::string> blob_file_fields,
+                                 std::optional<std::string> external_storage_path)
+    : descriptor_fields_(std::move(descriptor_fields)),
+      view_fields_(std::move(view_fields)),
+      inline_fields_(std::move(inline_fields)),
+      external_storage_fields_(std::move(external_storage_fields)),
+      blob_file_fields_(std::move(blob_file_fields)),
+      external_storage_path_(std::move(external_storage_path)) {}
+
+std::unique_ptr<BlobFileContext> BlobFileContext::Create(
+    const std::shared_ptr<arrow::Schema>& schema, const CoreOptions& options) {
+    // Check if there are any BLOB fields in the schema
+    bool has_blob = false;
+    for (int i = 0; i < schema->num_fields(); ++i) {
+        if (BlobUtils::IsBlobField(schema->field(i))) {
+            has_blob = true;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    if (!has_blob) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    // Populate descriptor fields
+    std::set<std::string> descriptor_fields;
+    for (const auto& name : options.GetBlobDescriptorFields()) {
+        descriptor_fields.insert(name);
+    }
+
+    // Populate view fields
+    std::set<std::string> view_fields;
+    for (const auto& name : options.GetBlobViewFields()) {
+        view_fields.insert(name);
+    }
+
+    // Populate inline fields from options (descriptor ∪ view)
+    std::set<std::string> inline_fields;
+    for (const auto& name : options.GetBlobInlineFields()) {
+        inline_fields.insert(name);
+    }
+
+    // Populate external storage fields
+    std::set<std::string> external_storage_fields;
+    for (const auto& name : options.GetBlobExternalStorageFields()) {
+        external_storage_fields.insert(name);
+    }
+
+    // Populate external storage path
+    std::optional<std::string> external_storage_path = options.GetBlobExternalStoragePath();
+
+    // Determine blob_file_fields: BLOB fields that are NOT inline
+    std::set<std::string> blob_file_fields;
+    for (int i = 0; i < schema->num_fields(); ++i) {
+        const auto& field = schema->field(i);
+        if (BlobUtils::IsBlobField(field) && inline_fields.count(field->name()) == 0) {
+            blob_file_fields.insert(field->name());
+        }
+    }
+
+    return std::unique_ptr<BlobFileContext>(
+        new BlobFileContext(std::move(descriptor_fields), std::move(view_fields),
+                            std::move(inline_fields), std::move(external_storage_fields),
+                            std::move(blob_file_fields), std::move(external_storage_path)));
+}
+
+bool BlobFileContext::IsInlineField(const std::string& field_name) const {
+    return inline_fields_.count(field_name) > 0;
+}
+
+bool BlobFileContext::IsBlobFileField(const std::string& field_name) const {
+    return blob_file_fields_.count(field_name) > 0;
+}
+
+bool BlobFileContext::IsDescriptorField(const std::string& field_name) const {
+    return descriptor_fields_.count(field_name) > 0;
+}
+
+bool BlobFileContext::IsViewField(const std::string& field_name) const {
+    return view_fields_.count(field_name) > 0;
+}
+
+bool BlobFileContext::IsExternalStorageField(const std::string& field_name) const {
+    return external_storage_fields_.count(field_name) > 0;
+}
+
+bool BlobFileContext::RequireBlobFileWriter() const {
+    return !blob_file_fields_.empty();
+}
+
+bool BlobFileContext::RequireExternalStorageWriter() const {
+    return !external_storage_fields_.empty();
+}
+
+}  // namespace paimon