feat: add GPU backends, quantization, and search optimizations#166
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cluster2600 wants to merge 6 commits intoalibaba:mainfrom
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feat: add GPU backends, quantization, and search optimizations#166cluster2600 wants to merge 6 commits intoalibaba:mainfrom
cluster2600 wants to merge 6 commits intoalibaba:mainfrom
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Add Metal Shading Language kernels for GPU-accelerated vector operations on Apple Silicon, including L2 distance, inner product, cosine similarity, vector normalization, matrix multiplication, and top-k selection. Includes C API wrapper, CMakeLists.txt for Metal compilation, and comprehensive Google Test suite. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Add unified acceleration module supporting FAISS CPU and GPU backends with automatic hardware detection. Includes backend benchmark suite for performance comparison and realistic dataset benchmarks. New files: - python/zvec/accelerate.py: Unified accelerator interface - python/zvec/backends/gpu.py: FAISS GPU backend - python/zvec/backends/detect.py: Hardware detection - python/zvec/backends/benchmark.py: Performance benchmarks Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Add Product Quantization (PQ) encoder, Optimized Product Quantization (OPQ) with rotation learning, and Scalar Quantization (8/16-bit) for efficient vector compression and approximate nearest neighbor search. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Add pure Python HNSW index with FAISS fallback, optimized search functions (ADC, batched search, reranking), and Apple Silicon MPS backend using PyTorch for GPU-accelerated vector operations on macOS. Update pyproject.toml with accelerate/gpu optional dependencies and per-file-ignores for backends. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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Add header-only C++ implementations of Product Quantization (PQ) and Optimized Product Quantization (OPQ), plus upgrade the Python OPQ rotation from QR decomposition to SVD-based Orthogonal Procrustes. C++ Product Quantizer (product_quantizer.h): - k-means training with configurable m sub-quantizers and k centroids - encode/decode with distortion measurement - Header-only, depends only on <algorithm>, <cmath>, <vector> C++ OPQ (opq.h): - SVD-based Procrustes rotation: R = V * U^T from SVD(X^T * Y) - Self-contained Jacobi one-sided SVD solver (no LAPACK dependency) - Iterative refinement of rotation + PQ codebooks Python OPQ (_learn_rotation): - Replace simplified QR decomposition with SVD Procrustes - M = X^T @ decoded, U, _, Vt = svd(M), R = Vt.T @ U.T - Produces orthogonal rotations (error ~4e-6) - Benchmarked: ~1-10% reconstruction improvement over plain PQ Follow-up to alibaba#166 ("Future Work: sophisticated OPQ optimization"). Tested on: - macOS: clang++ C++17 compilation + runtime tests - Linux (Blackwell GPU): Python OPQ + cuVS CAGRA integration Signed-off-by: Maxime Grenu <maxime.grenu@gmail.com>
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Add persistent vector storage backed by RocksDB for GPU pipeline integration, plus documentation for the Metal C++ backend. VectorStorage (vector_storage.h): - RocksDB column families: "vectors", "pq_codes", "metadata" - Batch put/get for raw vectors and PQ codes - load_all() streams vectors into contiguous GPU-ready float buffer - Integrates with existing RocksdbContext wrapper Documentation (docs/METAL_CPP.md): - Architecture overview: RocksDB → load_all() → Metal GPU Buffers - Complete kernel reference table (distance, utility kernels) - Simdgroup optimization dispatch model - C++ PQ/OPQ API examples - RocksDB storage API examples Follow-up to alibaba#166 ("Future Work: Integration with RocksDB storage"). Signed-off-by: Maxime Grenu <maxime.grenu@gmail.com>
This was referenced Feb 25, 2026
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Summary
Changes
C++ Metal Backend
src/ailego/gpu/metal/zvec_metal.h— C API headersrc/ailego/gpu/metal/zvec_metal.cc— Objective-C++ implementationsrc/ailego/gpu/metal/zvec_metal.metal— Metal shaders (L2, IP, cosine, normalize, matmul, top-k)src/ailego/gpu/metal/CMakeLists.txt— Metal compilationtests/test_metal.cc— Google Test suitePython Backends
python/zvec/accelerate.py— Unified accelerator interfacepython/zvec/backends/gpu.py— FAISS GPU backendpython/zvec/backends/detect.py— Hardware detectionpython/zvec/backends/quantization.py— PQ encoderpython/zvec/backends/opq.py— OPQ encoder + Scalar Quantizerpython/zvec/backends/hnsw.py— Pure Python HNSW with FAISS fallbackpython/zvec/backends/search.py— ADC, batch search, rerankingpython/zvec/backends/apple_silicon.py— Apple Silicon MPS backendpython/zvec/backends/benchmark.py— Backend performance benchmarksConfiguration
pyproject.toml—accelerate/gpuoptional dependencies, per-file-ignores for backendsDocs
docs/METAL_CPP.md— Metal backend documentationContext
Split from #157. Aligns with cluster2600#2 content.
Test plan