CAMEL-22013 - camel-api - Remove all usage of component.extension and the component.extension package content itself

[oscerd]

Description

First part.

Target

• I checked that the commit is targeting the correct branch (Camel 4 uses the main branch)

Tracking

• If this is a large change, bug fix, or code improvement, I checked there is a JIRA issue filed for the change (usually before you start working on it).

Apache Camel coding standards and style

• I checked that each commit in the pull request has a meaningful subject line and body.

• I have run mvn clean install -DskipTests locally from root folder and I have committed all auto-generated changes.

[github-actions]

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