Potential fix for code scanning alert no. 22: Use of externally-controlled format string

[cgivre]

Potential fix for https://github.com/apache/drill/security/code-scanning/22

At a high level, the fix is to prevent any user-controlled string from being used as a format string to String.format or similar APIs. Instead, the formatting helper should either (a) always treat the input as literal text, or (b) if formatting with arguments is desired, use a constant format string that incorporates the user data via %s, not as the pattern itself.

The single best fix here is to change UserException.Builder.message(String format, Object... args) so that it no longer treats the first parameter as a format string. We can preserve the public API (callers still pass message("x %s y", arg)), but internally we will build the message by concatenating the base text and the argument representations instead of re-invoking String.format. This completely eliminates the externally-controlled format-string sink while keeping behavior close enough for error reporting. Concretely, in common/src/main/java/org/apache/drill/common/exceptions/UserException.java, in the Builder.message method, we will replace:

if (args.length == 0) {
  message = format;
} else {
  message = String.format(format, args);
}

with logic that, when args.length > 0, converts format and args into a single string without using String.format on untrusted input, e.g., format + " " + Arrays.toString(args). This keeps existing functionality (message still contains both the base text and argument values) and removes the vulnerable call. No other files need code changes for this specific alert; the upstream flows into this method are then harmless, because the method no longer treats the parameter as a format string.

Implementation details:

• Edit only within UserException.Builder.message in UserException.java.
• Add an import for java.util.Arrays at the top of the file, as we will use Arrays.toString(args) to render the argument list.
• Ensure no other behavior of UserException is changed (we preserve the wrapping semantics, context handling, etc.).
• No modifications are required in BaseOptionManager, QueryResources, QueryWrapper, RestQueryRunner, or StatusResources for this specific CWE; once the sink is safe, those taint flows are no longer exploitable.

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