deprecate segment lock gran & NumberedOverwriteShardSpec

[cecemei]

Deprecate segment lock gran & NumberedOverwriteShardSpec. New features should use TIME_CHUNK lock .

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This PR has:

• been self-reviewed.
  • using the concurrency checklist (Remove this item if the PR doesn't have any relation to concurrency.)
• added documentation for new or modified features or behaviors.
• a release note entry in the PR description.
• added Javadocs for most classes and all non-trivial methods. Linked related entities via Javadoc links.
• added or updated version, license, or notice information in licenses.yaml
• added comments explaining the "why" and the intent of the code wherever would not be obvious for an unfamiliar reader.
• added unit tests or modified existing tests to cover new code paths, ensuring the threshold for code coverage is met.
• added integration tests.
• been tested in a test Druid cluster.

[gianm]

Let's do deprecations in separate PRs. I'm certain I like the idea of deprecating segment locking: it never made it out of experimental status, and we have new ways of solving the same problems that it was meant to solve.

I'm not as certain that I like deprecating native compaction right now, although, maybe? Per this comment I do think we should be moving towards MSQ compaction in general: #18996 (comment) so maybe now is a good time to deprecate native. Another possibility is that as a preparatory step we should make MSQ the default (if not already), nudge people towards it in the docs and web console (if not already), etc. I am not sure of the current state of those things.

Couple other things about deprecations:

• Docs need an update as well as code. Anywhere a deprecated feature is mentioned, there should be an infobox (if entire section) or small note (if passing mention) saying that the feature is deprecated.
• PRs that deprecate stuff should be tagged "Release Notes" so we can add deprecations to the notes.

[gianm]

In terms of doc updates, there's also:

• references to "segment locking" in docs/design/storage.md, docs/ingestion/tasks.md
• reference to druid.indexer.tasklock.forceTimeChunkLock in docs/configuration/index.md

These should be changed from describing the feature as "experimental" to "deprecated".

[gianm]

LGTM