[FLINK-32824] Port Calcite's fix for the sql like operator.

[xishuaidelin]

What is the purpose of the change

This pull request aims to port Calcite's fix for the sql like operator and relates to FLINK-32824.

Brief change log

Modified the JAVA_REGEX_SPECIALS in SqlLikeUtils class.

Verifying this change

Please make sure both new and modified tests in this PR follows the conventions defined in our code quality guide: https://flink.apache.org/contributing/code-style-and-quality-common.html#testing

This change added tests and can be verified as follows:

• testSqlLike in ParserImplTest for validatation.
• testShowColumnsWithLike in TableEnvironmentTest in table layer for validation.

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): (no)
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): (no)
• The serializers: (no)
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): (no)
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: (no)
• The S3 file system connector: (no)

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? (no)

[flinkbot]

CI report:

• 4505846 Azure: SUCCESS

Bot commands

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• @flinkbot run azure re-run the last Azure build

[lincoln-lil]

LGTM!