[ISSUE-11199] Pipe: fix NPE when casting from null values in InsertRowNode deserialization

[VGalaxies]

Description

Fix #11199, allow casting from null when deserializing InsertRowNode.

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For this insert statement:

insert into root.sg.d1(time, s0, s1) values (3, null, 25.34);

The source-side pipe stream processing engine will convert it into the following RPC sent to the target-side:

TPipeTransferReq(version:1, type:6, body:[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0, 10, 114, 111, 111, 116, 46, 115, 103, 46, 100, 49, 0, 0, 0, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0, 2, 115, 48, 3, 8, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2, 115, 49, 3, 8, 7, 0, 0, 0, 0, -2, 3, 65, -54, -72, 82, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 49, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0])

The focus here is on the deserialization logic of its body.

The deserialization logic is in org.apache.iotdb.db.pipe.connector.payload.evolvable.request.PipeTransferTabletBatchReq#fromTPipeTransferReq.

binary	explanation	remark
0, 0, 0, 0	binary reqs size
0, 0, 0, 1	insert node reqs size
0, 14	plan node type	InsertRowNode
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3	time
0, 0, 0, 10, 114, 111, 111, 116, 46, 115, 103, 46, 100, 49	device path	root.sg.d1
0, 0, 0, 2	measurement size
1	has schema
0, 0, 0, 2, 115, 48	first measurement	s0
3	measurement type	float
8	measurement encoding	gorilla
7	measurement compressor	lz4
0, 0, 0, 0	measurement props size
0, 0, 0, 2, 115, 49	second measurement	s1
3	measurement type	float
8	measurement encoding	gorilla
7	measurement compressor	lz4
0, 0, 0, 0	measurement props size
-2	first value type	null
3	second value type	float
65, -54, -72, 82	second value	25.34
0	is need infer type	false
1	is aligned	true
0, 0, 0, 1, 49	plan node id	1
0, 0, 0, 0	child count
0, 0, 0, 0	tablet reqs size

So, it can be observed that after deserialization, the InsertRowStatement object has dataTypes member with values of [null, TSDataType.FLOAT]. This leads to a NullPointerException in org.apache.iotdb.db.utils.CommonUtils#checkCanCastType. Similarly, the values member has values of [null, 25.34], also leads to NPE in org.apache.iotdb.db.utils.CommonUtils#castValue.

One natural idea is to check in checkCanCastType and castValue whether the source type or source value is null. If so, allow further deserialization (i.e., pass type checking or return a null value).

Since the utility methods checkCanCastType and castValue appear to be used only by InsertRowStatement and InsertTabletStatement, the logic changes resulting from the above modification are manageable.

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This PR has:

• been self-reviewed.
  • concurrent read
  • concurrent write
  • concurrent read and write
• added documentation for new or modified features or behaviors.
• added Javadocs for most classes and all non-trivial methods.
• added or updated version, license, or notice information
• added comments explaining the "why" and the intent of the code wherever would not be obvious
  for an unfamiliar reader.
• added unit tests or modified existing tests to cover new code paths, ensuring the threshold
  for code coverage.
• added integration tests.
• been tested in a test IoTDB cluster.

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Key changed/added classes (or packages if there are too many classes) in this PR

[github-actions]

Hi, this is your first pull request in IoTDB project. Thanks for your contribution! IoTDB will be better because of you.

[MiniSho]

YOU MAKE PIPE GREAT AGAIN ! 🚀

[SteveYurongSu]

Good job. Please cheery pick it to rel/1.2 :)