Allow to write time column only

integration-test/src/test/java/org/apache/iotdb/relational/it/db/it/IoTDBInsertTableIT.java

@@ -886,13 +886,7 @@ public void testInsertSingleColumn() throws SQLException, InterruptedException {
       // only tag
       st1.execute("insert into sg21(tag1) values('1')");
       // only time
-      try {
-        st1.execute("insert into sg21(time) values(1)");
-      } catch (SQLException e) {
-        assertEquals(
-            "305: [INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR(305)] Exception occurred: \"insert into sg21(time) values(1)\". executeStatement failed. No column other than Time present, please check the request",
-            e.getMessage());
-      }
+      st1.execute("insert into sg21(time) values(1)");
       // sleep a while to avoid the same timestamp between two insertions
       Thread.sleep(10);
       // only attribute
@@ -912,6 +906,9 @@ public void testInsertSingleColumn() throws SQLException, InterruptedException {
       assertFalse(rs1.next());
 
       rs1 = st1.executeQuery("select time, ss1, ss2 from sg21 order by time");
+      assertTrue(rs1.next());
+      assertEquals(1, rs1.getLong("time"));
+
       assertTrue(rs1.next());
       rs1.getString("ss1");
       assertTrue(rs1.wasNull());

integration-test/src/test/java/org/apache/iotdb/relational/it/session/IoTDBSessionRelationalIT.java

@@ -593,6 +593,40 @@ public void insertRelationalTabletTest()
     }
   }
 
+  @Test
+  public void insertTimeOnlyTest() throws IoTDBConnectionException, StatementExecutionException {
+    try (ITableSession session = EnvFactory.getEnv().getTableSessionConnection()) {
+      session.executeNonQueryStatement("USE \"db1\"");
+      session.executeNonQueryStatement("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS time_only (time time)");
+
+      List<IMeasurementSchema> schemaList = Collections.emptyList();
+      final List<ColumnCategory> columnTypes = Collections.emptyList();
+
+      Tablet tablet =
+          new Tablet(
+              "time_only",
+              IMeasurementSchema.getMeasurementNameList(schemaList),
+              IMeasurementSchema.getDataTypeList(schemaList),
+              columnTypes);
+
+      long timestamp = 0;
+      for (int row = 0; row < 10; row++) {
+        tablet.addTimestamp(row, timestamp++);
+      }
+      session.insert(tablet);
+      tablet.reset();
+
+      for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
+        session.executeNonQueryStatement(
+            String.format("INSERT INTO time_only (time) VALUES (%d)", timestamp++));
+      }
+
+      SessionDataSet dataSet = session.executeQueryStatement("select count(time) from time_only");
+      RowRecord rec = dataSet.next();
+      assertEquals(20, rec.getFields().get(0).getLongV());
+    }
+  }
+
   @Test
   public void insertRelationalTabletWithCacheLeaderTest()
       throws IoTDBConnectionException, StatementExecutionException {

integration-test/src/test/java/org/apache/iotdb/session/it/IoTDBSessionSimpleIT.java

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 import org.apache.tsfile.write.TsFileWriter;
 import org.apache.tsfile.write.record.TSRecord;
 import org.apache.tsfile.write.record.Tablet;
+import org.apache.tsfile.write.record.Tablet.ColumnCategory;
 import org.apache.tsfile.write.schema.IMeasurementSchema;
 import org.apache.tsfile.write.schema.MeasurementSchema;
 import org.junit.After;
@@ -1907,6 +1908,52 @@ public void convertRecordsToTabletsTest() {
     }
   }
 
+  @Test
+  @Category({LocalStandaloneIT.class, ClusterIT.class})
+  public void insertTimeOnlyTest() throws IoTDBConnectionException, StatementExecutionException {
+    try (ISession session = EnvFactory.getEnv().getSessionConnection()) {
+
+      List<IMeasurementSchema> schemaList = Collections.emptyList();
+      final List<ColumnCategory> columnTypes = Collections.emptyList();
+
+      Tablet tablet =
+          new Tablet(
+              "root.sg1.d1",
+              IMeasurementSchema.getMeasurementNameList(schemaList),
+              IMeasurementSchema.getDataTypeList(schemaList),
+              columnTypes);
+
+      long timestamp = 0;
+      for (int row = 0; row < 10; row++) {
+        tablet.addTimestamp(row, timestamp++);
+      }
+      session.insertTablet(tablet);
+      tablet.setDeviceId("root.sg1.d2");
+      session.insertAlignedTablet(tablet);
+      tablet.reset();
+
+      try {
+        session.executeNonQueryStatement(
+            String.format("INSERT INTO root.sg1.d3 (time) VALUES (%d)", timestamp++));
+        fail("Exception expected");
+      } catch (StatementExecutionException e) {
+        assertEquals(
+            "701: InsertStatement should contain at least one measurement", e.getMessage());
+      }
+
+      try {
+        session.executeNonQueryStatement(
+            String.format("INSERT INTO root.sg1.d4 (time) ALIGNED VALUES (%d)", timestamp++));
+      } catch (StatementExecutionException e) {
+        assertEquals(
+            "701: InsertStatement should contain at least one measurement", e.getMessage());
+      }
+
+      SessionDataSet dataSet = session.executeQueryStatement("select count(*) from root.sg1.**");
+      assertFalse(dataSet.hasNext());
+    }
+  }
+
   @Test
   @Category({LocalStandaloneIT.class, ClusterIT.class})
   public void insertMinMaxTimeTest() throws IoTDBConnectionException, StatementExecutionException {
@@ -2070,6 +2117,7 @@ record = dataSet.next();
   }
 
   @Test
+  @Category({LocalStandaloneIT.class, ClusterIT.class})
   public void testWriteRestartAndDeleteDB()
       throws IoTDBConnectionException, StatementExecutionException {
     try (ISession session = EnvFactory.getEnv().getSessionConnection()) {

iotdb-client/session/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/session/Session.java

@@ -2964,12 +2964,17 @@ private TSInsertTabletReq genTSInsertTabletReq(Tablet tablet, boolean sorted, bo
 
     TSInsertTabletReq request = new TSInsertTabletReq();
 
-    for (IMeasurementSchema measurementSchema : tablet.getSchemas()) {
-      if (measurementSchema.getMeasurementName() == null) {
-        throw new IllegalArgumentException("measurement should be non null value");
+    if (tablet.getSchemas().isEmpty()) {
+      request.measurements = Collections.emptyList();
+      request.types = Collections.emptyList();
+    } else {
+      for (IMeasurementSchema measurementSchema : tablet.getSchemas()) {
+        if (measurementSchema.getMeasurementName() == null) {
+          throw new IllegalArgumentException("measurement should be non null value");
+        }
+        request.addToMeasurements(measurementSchema.getMeasurementName());
+        request.addToTypes(measurementSchema.getType().ordinal());
       }
-      request.addToMeasurements(measurementSchema.getMeasurementName());
-      request.addToTypes(measurementSchema.getType().ordinal());
     }
 
     request.setPrefixPath(tablet.getDeviceId());

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/protocol/thrift/impl/ClientRPCServiceImpl.java

@@ -2243,7 +2243,7 @@ public TSStatus insertTablet(TSInsertTabletReq req) {
       // Step 1: transfer from TSInsertTabletReq to Statement
       InsertTabletStatement statement = StatementGenerator.createStatement(req);
       // return success when this statement is empty because server doesn't need to execute it
-      if (statement.isEmpty()) {
+      if (statement.isEmpty() && !req.isWriteToTable()) {
         return RpcUtils.getStatus(TSStatusCode.SUCCESS_STATUS);
       }
 

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/planner/plan/node/write/InsertNode.java

@@ -403,6 +403,8 @@ public void setColumnCategories(TsTableColumnCategory[] columnCategories) {
           idColumnIndices.add(i);
         }
       }
+    } else {
+      idColumnIndices = Collections.emptyList();
     }
   }
 

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/planner/plan/node/write/InsertRowNode.java

@@ -166,6 +166,9 @@ public List<String> getOutputColumnNames() {
 
   @Override
   public TSDataType[] getDataTypes() {
+    if (dataTypes == null) {
+      dataTypes = new TSDataType[0];
+    }
     if (isNeedInferType) {
       TSDataType[] predictedDataTypes = new TSDataType[dataTypes.length];
       for (int i = 0; i < dataTypes.length; i++) {

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/planner/plan/node/write/RelationalInsertRowNode.java

@@ -246,4 +246,12 @@ public void updateLastCache(String databaseName) {
     TableDeviceSchemaCache.getInstance()
         .updateLastCacheIfExists(databaseName, getDeviceID(), rawMeasurements, timeValuePairs);
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean allMeasurementFailed() {
+    if (measurements != null && measurements.length > 0) {
+      return failedMeasurementNumber >= measurements.length;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
 }

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/planner/plan/node/write/RelationalInsertTabletNode.java

@@ -372,4 +372,12 @@ public void updateLastCache(String databaseName) {
       startOffset = endOffset;
     }
   }
+
+  @Override
+  public boolean allMeasurementFailed() {
+    if (measurements != null && measurements.length > 0) {
+      return failedMeasurementNumber >= measurements.length;
+    }
+    return false;
+  }
 }

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/relational/metadata/fetcher/TableHeaderSchemaValidator.java

@@ -102,10 +102,6 @@ public Optional<TableSchema> validateTableHeaderSchema(
         .takeReadLock(context, SchemaLockType.VALIDATE_VS_DELETION);
 
     final List<ColumnSchema> inputColumnList = tableSchema.getColumns();
-    if (inputColumnList == null || inputColumnList.isEmpty()) {
-      throw new IllegalArgumentException(
-          "No column other than Time present, please check the request");
-    }
     // Get directly if there is a table because we do not want "addColumn" to affect
     // original writings
     TsTable table =

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/relational/sql/ast/InsertRows.java

@@ -143,6 +143,9 @@ public List<String> getAttributeColumnNameList() {
 
       @Override
       public List<Object[]> getAttributeValueList() {
+        if (insertRowStatement.getColumnCategories() == null) {
+          return Collections.singletonList(new Object[0]);
+        }
         List<Object> attributeValueList = new ArrayList<>();
         for (int i = 0; i < insertRowStatement.getColumnCategories().length; i++) {
           if (insertRowStatement.getColumnCategories()[i] == TsTableColumnCategory.ATTRIBUTE) {

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/statement/crud/InsertBaseStatement.java

@@ -310,6 +310,8 @@ public List<Integer> getIdColumnIndices() {
           idColumnIndices.add(i);
         }
       }
+    } else if (columnCategories == null) {
+      return Collections.emptyList();
     }
     return idColumnIndices;
   }
@@ -542,7 +544,18 @@ public void insertColumn(final int pos, final ColumnSchema columnSchema) {
       throw new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(pos);
     }
 
-    if (measurementSchemas != null) {
+    String[] tmpMeasurements = new String[measurements.length + 1];
+    System.arraycopy(measurements, 0, tmpMeasurements, 0, pos);
+    tmpMeasurements[pos] = columnSchema.getName();
+    System.arraycopy(measurements, pos, tmpMeasurements, pos + 1, measurements.length - pos);
+    measurements = tmpMeasurements;
+
+    if (measurementSchemas == null) {
+      measurementSchemas = new MeasurementSchema[measurements.length];
+      measurementSchemas[pos] =
+          new MeasurementSchema(
+              columnSchema.getName(), InternalTypeManager.getTSDataType(columnSchema.getType()));
+    } else {
       final MeasurementSchema[] tmp = new MeasurementSchema[measurementSchemas.length + 1];
       System.arraycopy(measurementSchemas, 0, tmp, 0, pos);
       tmp[pos] =
@@ -552,15 +565,9 @@ public void insertColumn(final int pos, final ColumnSchema columnSchema) {
       measurementSchemas = tmp;
     }
 
-    String[] tmpMeasurements = new String[measurements.length + 1];
-    System.arraycopy(measurements, 0, tmpMeasurements, 0, pos);
-    tmpMeasurements[pos] = columnSchema.getName();
-    System.arraycopy(measurements, pos, tmpMeasurements, pos + 1, measurements.length - pos);
-    measurements = tmpMeasurements;
-
     if (dataTypes == null) {
       // sql insertion
-      dataTypes = new TSDataType[measurements.length + 1];
+      dataTypes = new TSDataType[measurements.length];
       dataTypes[pos] = InternalTypeManager.getTSDataType(columnSchema.getType());
     } else {
       final TSDataType[] tmpTypes = new TSDataType[dataTypes.length + 1];
@@ -571,7 +578,7 @@ public void insertColumn(final int pos, final ColumnSchema columnSchema) {
     }
 
     if (columnCategories == null) {
-      columnCategories = new TsTableColumnCategory[measurements.length + 1];
+      columnCategories = new TsTableColumnCategory[measurements.length];
       columnCategories[pos] = columnSchema.getColumnCategory();
     } else {
       final TsTableColumnCategory[] tmpCategories =
@@ -649,6 +656,9 @@ public void toLowerCase() {
 
   @TableModel
   public List<String> getAttributeColumnNameList() {
+    if (getColumnCategories() == null) {
+      return Collections.emptyList();
+    }
     final List<String> attributeColumnNameList = new ArrayList<>();
     for (int i = 0; i < getColumnCategories().length; i++) {
       if (getColumnCategories()[i] == TsTableColumnCategory.ATTRIBUTE) {

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/queryengine/plan/statement/crud/InsertRowStatement.java

@@ -206,6 +206,9 @@ protected boolean checkAndCastDataType(int columnIndex, TSDataType dataType) {
    */
   @SuppressWarnings("squid:S3776") // Suppress high Cognitive Complexity warning
   public void transferType(ZoneId zoneId) throws QueryProcessException {
+    if (measurementSchemas == null) {
+      return;
+    }
 
     for (int i = 0; i < measurementSchemas.length; i++) {
       // null when time series doesn't exist

iotdb-core/datanode/src/main/java/org/apache/iotdb/db/storageengine/dataregion/memtable/AbstractMemTable.java

@@ -256,9 +256,7 @@ public int insertAlignedRow(InsertRowNode insertRowNode) {
       schemaList.add(schema);
       dataTypes.add(schema.getType());
     }
-    if (schemaList.isEmpty()) {
-      return 0;
-    }
+
     memSize +=
         MemUtils.getAlignedRowRecordSize(dataTypes, values, insertRowNode.getColumnCategories());
     writeAlignedRow(insertRowNode.getDeviceID(), schemaList, insertRowNode.getTime(), values);
@@ -356,18 +354,18 @@ public void writeAlignedTablet(
       InsertTabletNode insertTabletNode, int start, int end, TSStatus[] results) {
 
     List<IMeasurementSchema> schemaList = new ArrayList<>();
-    for (int i = 0; i < insertTabletNode.getMeasurementSchemas().length; i++) {
-      if (insertTabletNode.getColumns()[i] == null
-          || (insertTabletNode.getColumnCategories() != null
-              && insertTabletNode.getColumnCategories()[i] != TsTableColumnCategory.FIELD)) {
-        schemaList.add(null);
-      } else {
-        schemaList.add(insertTabletNode.getMeasurementSchemas()[i]);
+    if (insertTabletNode.getMeasurementSchemas() != null) {
+      for (int i = 0; i < insertTabletNode.getMeasurementSchemas().length; i++) {
+        if (insertTabletNode.getColumns()[i] == null
+            || (insertTabletNode.getColumnCategories() != null
+                && insertTabletNode.getColumnCategories()[i] != TsTableColumnCategory.FIELD)) {
+          schemaList.add(null);
+        } else {
+          schemaList.add(insertTabletNode.getMeasurementSchemas()[i]);
+        }
       }
     }
-    if (schemaList.isEmpty()) {
-      return;
-    }
+
     final List<Pair<IDeviceID, Integer>> deviceEndOffsetPair =
         insertTabletNode.splitByDevice(start, end);
     int splitStart = start;