Fixed the concurrent modification bug of pathPatternTree

[Caideyipi]

Description

As the title said.

Abnormal phenomenon:

Analysis:
The "pathPatternList" in "PathPatternTree" May be concurrently read and write:
Read: "getOverlappedPathPatterns()" in IoTDB-ConfigNodeRPC-Processor
Write: "clear()" --> "constructTree()" --> "serialize()" --> "preparePatternTreeBytesData()" --> "executeDeleteData()" in "DeleteTimeSeriesProcedure" in ProcedureCoreWorker

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This PR has:

• been self-reviewed.
  • concurrent read
  • concurrent write
  • concurrent read and write
• added documentation for new or modified features or behaviors.
• added Javadocs for most classes and all non-trivial methods.
• added or updated version, license, or notice information
• added comments explaining the "why" and the intent of the code wherever would not be obvious
  for an unfamiliar reader.
• added unit tests or modified existing tests to cover new code paths, ensuring the threshold
  for code coverage.
• added integration tests.
• been tested in a test IoTDB cluster.

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Key changed/added classes (or packages if there are too many classes) in this PR