[fix][test] Fix flaky PulsarDebeziumOracleSourceTest

[merlimat]

Summary

• Fix flaky PulsarDebeziumOracleSourceTest.testDebeziumOracleDbSource that fails with Oracle did not initialize properly
• The Oracle container may not reach MOUNTED status after startup mount if it is still completing shutdown
• Add retry logic for the startup mount command (up to 3 attempts)
• Add progress logging to waitForOracleStatus every 30 seconds so failures are diagnosable
• Catch exceptions during status polling since sqlplus can fail during Oracle state transitions
• Include last observed stdout/stderr in the failure message

Test plan

• Existing tests pass — the change only affects Oracle initialization resilience
• Verify PulsarDebeziumOracleSourceTest no longer fails during Oracle startup

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• doc
• doc-required
• doc-not-needed
• doc-complete

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 72.62%. Comparing base (6c357f6) to head (61ff2df).

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master   #25314      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     72.54%   72.62%   +0.07%     
- Complexity    34627    34631       +4     
============================================
  Files          1967     1967              
  Lines        156326   156326              
  Branches      17812    17812              
============================================
+ Hits         113409   113529     +120     
+ Misses        33814    33710     -104     
+ Partials       9103     9087      -16     

Flag	Coverage Δ
inttests	25.58% <ø> (?)
systests	22.31% <ø> (-0.04%)	⬇️
unittests	73.59% <ø> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

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see 87 files with indirect coverage changes

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