[SPARK-51556][SQL] Add the try_to_time function

[MaxGekk]

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

In the PR, I propose new SQL function try_to_time which is similar to to_time but returns NULL instead of raising an error in the cases of malformed or non-matched to the given pattern input strings.

Syntax

try_to_time(str[, format])

Arguments

• str: A STRING expression representing a time.
• format: An optional format STRING expression.

Returns

A TIME.

• If format is supplied, it must conform with Datetime patterns.
• If format is not supplied, the function is a synonym for cast(expr AS TIME).
• If format is malformed or its application does not result in a well formed time, the function returns NULL.

To return an error instead of NULL in case of a malformed str use to_time.

Examples

> SELECT try_to_time('00:12:00');
 00:12:00

> SELECT try_to_time("02-69", "HH-mm");
 NULL

Why are the changes needed?

To improve user experience with Spark SQL. If an user needs to process wrongly formatted time values in a string format, and ignore errors, she/he can use try_to_time instead of to_time.

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

Yes, it extends Spark SQL by new function.

How was this patch tested?

By running the affected test suites:

$ build/sbt "test:testOnly *ExpressionInfoSuite"
$ build/sbt "sql/testOnly org.apache.spark.sql.SQLQueryTestSuite -- -z time.sql"

Was this patch authored or co-authored using generative AI tooling?

No.

[the-sakthi]

LGTM @MaxGekk !

[dongjoon-hyun]

+1, LGTM. Thank you, @MaxGekk .

[MaxGekk]

Merging to master. Thank you, @the-sakthi @dongjoon-hyun @yaooqinn for review.

[LuciferYang]

late LGTM