DOC: Setup Sphinx docs and contribution guidelines

[mberz]

Proposed Changes

• Configure Sphinx documentation framework
• Add contribution guidelines
• Re-introduce example from backend
• Configure readthedocs.org to host the documentation

Rendered documentation can be found here: https://simulation-backend--5.org.readthedocs.build/en/5/

[Copilot]

Pull request overview

This PR introduces a Sphinx documentation site for the simulation-backend, adds end-user setup and contributor guidance pages, and configures Read the Docs to build/host the generated documentation.

Changes:

• Adds Sphinx configuration + docs skeleton (index, setup pages, contributing pages) and enables a sphinx-gallery examples section.
• Updates pyproject.toml with Python requirement plus tests/docs optional dependency groups.
• Adds .readthedocs.yml and supporting docs/ build files (Makefile, make.bat, gitignore) for RTD and local builds.

Reviewed changes

Copilot reviewed 14 out of 14 changed files in this pull request and generated 8 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
pyproject.toml	Defines Python version requirement and adds tests/docs extras for documentation + tooling.
docs/source/index.rst	Adds documentation landing page and top-level navigation.
docs/source/includes/setup.rst	Adds setup toctree for end-user setup docs.
docs/source/includes/setup/required_software.rst	Documents required local software (Git/Docker/WSL guidance).
docs/source/includes/setup/setup_user.rst	Documents user setup steps for CHORAS (including cloud connection guidance).
docs/source/includes/contributing.rst	Adds contributing toctree for developer-focused docs.
docs/source/includes/contributing/setup_dev.rst	Documents contributor development environment setup steps.
docs/source/includes/contributing/contribute_method.rst	Documents how to scaffold and implement a simulation method interface.
docs/source/includes/contributing/configuring.rst	Documents how to register/configure a new method and debug execution.
docs/source/conf.py	Adds Sphinx configuration (theme, extensions, sphinx-gallery config).
docs/Makefile	Adds standard Sphinx Makefile for local doc builds.
docs/make.bat	Adds Windows batch script for local doc builds.
docs/.gitignore	Ignores generated sphinx-gallery artifacts in docs/.
.readthedocs.yml	Configures Read the Docs build environment and installs .[docs].

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