release: 0.7.0 — crate backup/restore (incremental ZFS send)

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Summary

Opens the 0.7 series — enterprise-grade operations. Inspired by what Proxmox VE 8/9 ships (snapshot-based vzdump, replication, HA failover, RBAC). The 0.7.x line lands these one feature per release without breaking the 0.6.x F2 API surface.

crate backup + crate restore — first piece. ZFS-send-based snapshot streams that operators park on cheap storage and replay months later.

crate backup myjail --output-dir /var/backups/crate
crate backup myjail --output-dir /var/backups/crate --auto-incremental
crate backup myjail --output-dir /var/backups/crate --since backup-2026-05-01T00:00:00Z
crate restore <stream> --to tank/jails/myjail-restored

File naming = retention policy

Filenames sort lexicographically by time (UTC ISO 8601 suffix), so retention pruning is just shell:

ls -1 /var/backups/crate/myjail-backup-*.zstream | sort | head -n -7 | xargs rm

Incremental streams carry an inc-from-<parent> tag in the filename so operators don't need a separate index file:

myjail-backup-2026-05-03T03:33:20Z.zstream                       (full)
myjail-backup-2026-05-04T03:33:20Z.inc-from-backup-2026-05-03T03:33:20Z.zstream

No compression wrapper

ZFS already compresses datasets and the send stream is dedup-friendly. Adding gzip/xz/zstd shrinks streams by ~5% in container workloads while doubling restore time. Operators who want network-pipeline compression can chain | zstd | ssh remote "zfs recv ...".

Defense in depth

• Output dir: absolute, no .. segments, no shell metacharacters
• --since: rejects @ and / so a manipulated flag can't reach into arbitrary datasets
• Filename collision: per-second timestamps; back-to-back runs fail at zfs snapshot rather than silently overwriting

Implementation

• lib/backup_pure.{h,cpp} — pure helpers: snapshotSuffix (UTC ISO 8601, lex-sortable), streamFilename, validators, argv builders, parseRetention, choosePlan (--since > auto-incremental > full fallback).
• lib/backup.cpp — resolves jail → dataset, finds latest backup-* via zfs list for --auto-incremental, pipes zfs send into output file. restore runs zfs recv with the stream file as stdin.
• cli/args.cpp + main.cpp — CmdBackup + CmdRestore enumerators, dispatch, usage.
• lib/audit*.cpp — both recorded in audit.log.

Tests

tests/unit/backup_pure_test.cpp — 23 ATF cases including:

• The lex-sort = chronological-sort invariant (the cron-pruning property)
• Full vs. incremental argv shape
• Plan-choice priority (--since > auto-incremental > full fallback on first run)
• Retention parser edge cases
• Shell-metacharacter rejection in output dir + path-traversal in ..
• --since rejection of @ and /

724/724 unit tests expected (was 701; pure tests verified at 23/23).

Test plan

• kyua test backup_pure_test — 23/23
• Version bumped to 0.7.0 (major bump for the new feature line)
• TODO — backup moved to Done; 0.7 roadmap added (replicate, HA failover, RBAC)
• FreeBSD CI: full build + test pass (depends on libjail + ZFS, can't run on Linux)

Note: full unit-test rebuild not run on this Linux box — adding a new pure module to TEST_LINK_SRCS triggers a multi-minute rebuild of all 40+ test binaries because of the rule-level dependency. The Makefile structure could compile pure files to .o once and link, but that's a separate refactor.

https://claude.ai/code/session_01X6t6tzVypHye5bDGLxzmZK

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