Fatal process out of memory: Zone

[weinierfei]

codegraph --version 0.9.1

[weinierfei]

Codegraph version 0.9.2 also has the same problem

[IreinaMaid150700]

im also getting the same error

[colbymchenry]

I will take a look at this and have it fixed tomorrow. Can you guys provide me system specs? Memory specifically. What OS?

[weinierfei]

I will take a look at this and have it fixed tomorrow. Can you guys provide me system specs? Memory specifically. What OS?

[quangbahoa]

Yea me too.
Macbook air m3

codegraph index  
┌  Indexing project
│
│  ◆ Scanning files — 1,793 found
│  · Parsing code  ██░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░  8%

#
# Fatal process out of memory: Zone
#
----- Native stack trace -----

 1: 0x100e7f388 node::NodePlatform::GetStackTracePrinter()::$_0::__invoke() [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 2: 0x102734250 v8::base::FatalOOM(v8::base::OOMType, char const*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 3: 0x10103e410 v8::internal::V8::FatalProcessOutOfMemory(v8::internal::Isolate*, char const*, v8::OOMDetails const&) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 4: 0x10177dc84 v8::internal::Zone::Expand(unsigned long) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 5: 0x102efbba8 void v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTable<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>::MergePredecessors<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::Bind(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block*)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const>), void v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::ChangeTrackingSnapshotTable<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::VariableTable, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>::StartNewSnapshot<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::Bind(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block*)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const>)>(v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTable<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>::Snapshot const>, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::Bind(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block*)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const>) const&)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const&, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const&)>(v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTable<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>::Snapshot const>, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::Bind(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block*)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const>) const&, void v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::ChangeTrackingSnapshotTable<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::VariableTable, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>::StartNewSnapshot<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::Bind(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block*)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const>)>(v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTable<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>::Snapshot const>, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::Bind(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block*)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::base::Vector<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const>) const&)::'lambda'(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::SnapshotTableKey<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableData>, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const&, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::OpIndex const&) const&) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 6: 0x102efb444 v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::VariableReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::Bind(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 7: 0x102efa860 void v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::VisitBlock<false>(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Block const*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 8: 0x102efa15c void v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::EmitProjectionReducer<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GenericReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::StackBottom<v8::base::tmp::list1<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::GraphVisitor, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::TSReducerBase>>>>>>>>::VisitAllBlocks<false>() [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
 9: 0x102ef98fc v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::CopyingPhaseImpl<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringReducer, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::MachineOptimizationReducer>::Run(v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::PipelineData*, v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Graph&, v8::internal::Zone*, bool) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
10: 0x10296d614 auto v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::Pipeline::Run<v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::WasmLoweringPhase>() [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
11: 0x10296c248 v8::internal::compiler::Pipeline::GenerateWasmCode(v8::internal::wasm::CompilationEnv*, v8::internal::compiler::WasmCompilationData&, v8::internal::wasm::WasmDetectedFeatures*, v8::internal::Counters*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
12: 0x102f7db4c v8::internal::compiler::turboshaft::ExecuteTurboshaftWasmCompilation(v8::internal::wasm::CompilationEnv*, v8::internal::compiler::WasmCompilationData&, v8::internal::wasm::WasmDetectedFeatures*, v8::internal::Counters*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
13: 0x101af2678 v8::internal::wasm::WasmCompilationUnit::ExecuteCompilation(v8::internal::wasm::CompilationEnv*, v8::internal::wasm::WireBytesStorage const*, v8::internal::Counters*, v8::internal::wasm::WasmDetectedFeatures*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
14: 0x101afe918 v8::internal::wasm::(anonymous namespace)::ExecuteCompilationUnits(std::__1::weak_ptr<v8::internal::wasm::NativeModule>, v8::internal::Counters*, v8::JobDelegate*, v8::internal::wasm::(anonymous namespace)::CompilationTier) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
15: 0x101afe2c4 v8::internal::wasm::(anonymous namespace)::BackgroundCompileJob::Run(v8::JobDelegate*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
16: 0x10217e880 v8::platform::DefaultJobWorker::Run() [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
17: 0x100e7b654 node::(anonymous namespace)::PlatformWorkerThread(void*) [/Users/me/.codegraph/versions/v0.9.2/node]
18: 0x180cc5c58 _pthread_start [/usr/lib/system/libsystem_pthread.dylib]
19: 0x180cc0c1c thread_start [/usr/lib/system/libsystem_pthread.dylib]
zsh: trace trap  codegraph index

[arttttt]

Reproducing this on a different project — sharing specs since you asked.

Environment

• codegraph: 0.9.1 and 0.9.2 — both crash with the same Zone OOM
• codegraph 0.8.0 — same project indexes fine
• OS: macOS Darwin 25.5.0 (Apple Silicon)
• RAM: 48 GB (system has plenty of headroom at crash time)
• Node version is irrelevant here since 0.9.x ships a bundled Node 24 runtime
• Project: ~8,200 source files across Swift, Kotlin, Objective-C/headers, JS

Crash path is the same one reported in #298 — V8 turboshaft WASM compilation Zone overflow:

v8::base::FatalOOM(Zone)
  Zone::Expand
    SnapshotTable::MergePredecessors  (VariableReducer::Bind)
      GraphVisitor::VisitAllBlocks
        CopyingPhaseImpl<WasmLoweringReducer, MachineOptimizationReducer>::Run
          Pipeline::Run<WasmLoweringPhase>
            Pipeline::GenerateWasmCode
              ExecuteTurboshaftWasmCompilation

A couple of observations that might help narrow this down:

1. The failing allocator is V8's Zone (internal to one compilation pipeline), not the JS heap. So --max-old-space-size and friends won't help here — Zone is a separate arena. Worth documenting if you end up suggesting a workaround.

2. Repro across very different specs (17 GB in Fatal process out of memory (Zone) during parsing — V8 WASM compilation OOM on Node v24 #298, 48 GB here, M3 Air in another comment) rules out system memory as the variable. The variable appears to be the set of tree-sitter grammars compiled in one process, matching @SuperHappycat's diagnosis in Fatal process out of memory (Zone) during parsing — V8 WASM compilation OOM on Node v24 #298 (all WASM grammars sent to the worker thread at once via load-grammars).

3. The Fatal process out of memory (Zone) during parsing — V8 WASM compilation OOM on Node v24 #298 reporter confirmed it also crashes under Node v22 (earlier at ~45-50%), so this isn't strictly a Node 24 / bundled-runtime regression — it's a turboshaft + multi-grammar issue that the bundled Node 24 just made more reachable.

Workaround from #298 worth trying (haven't tested it on my side yet): NODE_OPTIONS="--wasm-lazy-compilation" — defers per-function WASM compilation until first call, which should keep the Zone from filling up during the initial load-grammars burst. If you confirm it works, it could ship as a default in the launcher script as an interim fix.

[colbymchenry]

Fixed in 0.9.3 (releasing now) — same root cause as #298: V8's turboshaft optimizing WASM compiler running out of its internal Zone arena while compiling tree-sitter grammars on a background thread (not a system OOM, which is why it crashes with plenty of RAM free).

I reproduced it on the bundled Node 24.16 runtime and confirmed the fix: CodeGraph now runs with V8's --liftoff-only, which keeps grammar compilation off the optimizing tier. A 2,880-file / 18-language repo that crashed at ~85% now indexes cleanly.

Once 0.9.3 is on npm, please update and retry:

• npm i -g @colbymchenry/codegraph@latest, or
• npx @colbymchenry/codegraph@latest

Reopen if it still happens on 0.9.3 — thanks for reporting! 🙏