feat: add postrelease version

[kamikazePT]

Description

• added postrelease flag
• added missing docs for devrelease and added new docs for postrelease
• removed existing TODO on lack of support for postrelease
• add prerelease_property tests as well as the postrelease_property ones

Checklist

• I have read the contributing guidelines

Code Changes

• Add test cases to all the changes you introduce
• Run uv run poe all locally to ensure this change passes linter check and tests
• Manually test the changes:
  • Verify the feature/bug fix works as expected in real-world scenarios
  • Test edge cases and error conditions
  • Ensure backward compatibility is maintained
  • Document any manual testing steps performed
• Update the documentation for the changes

Documentation Changes

• Run uv run poe doc locally to ensure the documentation pages renders correctly
• Check and fix any broken links (internal or external) in the documentation

Expected Behavior

when using the new postrelease flag, a postN will be added before devN

Steps to Test This Pull Request

cz bump --postrelease --yes

Additional Context

over the last couple of years, professionally, our internal workflows have been using commitizen, in an older version fork, where we internally added support for a couple of missing features at the time, one was postrelease.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 98.05%. Comparing base (5857050) to head (e50949a).

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #1816      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   97.96%   98.05%   +0.09%     
==========================================
  Files          60       60              
  Lines        2648     2668      +20     
==========================================
+ Hits         2594     2616      +22     
+ Misses         54       52       -2     

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[bearomorphism]

Nice!!! We will go through it hopefully by mid of February.