希望可以更新一下脚本！

[angeluslove]

我说下我的问题，我使用树莓派3，系统是带界面的官方系统 7月5号的版本。
备份过程中出现了错误，首先是挂载U盘后.img文件超出4G问题，这个我把U盘格式化为了exfat模式。
然后安装了需要的文件，修改了脚本去掉了 -t fat 。可以正常挂载，并建立了一个6G大小的.img

在第二步的时候出错了：
...省略了一些rsync帮助的输出。
Use "rsync --daemon --help" to see the daemon-mode command-line options.
Please see the rsync(1) and rsyncd.conf(5) man pages for full documentation.
See http://rsync.samba.org/ for updates, bug reports, and answers
rsync error: syntax or usage error (code 1) at main.c(1640) [Receiver=3.1.1]
./piback.sh: 141: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 143: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 145: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 147: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 149: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 151: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 153: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 155: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 157: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 159: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 161: ./piback.sh: --exclude: not found
./piback.sh: 163: ./piback.sh: //: Permission denied
ls: cannot access /mnt/backup_root//home/pi/: No such file or directory
...Root partition done
sed: can't read /mnt/backup_root//etc/fstab: No such file or directory
sed: can't read /mnt/backup_root//etc/fstab: No such file or directory
==== All done. You can un-plug the backup device

希望可以得到帮助，这个项目还是很棒的，特别是可以实现官方一样的效果就太酷了！
希望可以更新脚本，维护下项目。

[angeluslove]

pi@raspberrypi:~ $ sudo ./piback.sh
no argument, assume the mount device is /dev/sda1 ? Y/N
y
FUSE exfat 1.1.0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
dosfstools is already the newest version.
kpartx is already the newest version.
parted is already the newest version.
rsync is already the newest version.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
===================== part 1, create a new blank img ===============================
6211636+0 records in
6211636+0 records out
6360715264 bytes (6.4 GB) copied, 3094.85 s, 2.1 MB/s
boot: 8192 >>> 93596, root: 94208 >>> end
mkfs.fat 3.0.27 (2014-11-12)
mkfs.fat: warning - lowercase labels might not work properly with DOS or Windows
unable to get drive geometry, using default 255/63
mke2fs 1.43.3 (04-Sep-2016)
Creating filesystem with 1540864 4k blocks and 385536 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 523e4157-7d1e-48aa-ae8e-c14192913909
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

===================== part 2, fill the data to img =========================
...Boot partition done
rsync version 3.1.1 protocol version 31
Copyright (C) 1996-2014 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others.
Web site: http://rsync.samba.org/
Capabilities:
64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 32-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints,
socketpairs, hardlinks, symlinks, IPv6, batchfiles, inplace,
append, ACLs, xattrs, iconv, symtimes, prealloc

rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you
are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. See the GNU
General Public Licence for details.

rsync is a file transfer program capable of efficient remote update
via a fast differencing algorithm.

Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

===================== part 2, fill the data to img =========================
...Boot partition done
rsync version 3.1.1 protocol version 31
Copyright (C) 1996-2014 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others.
Web site: http://rsync.samba.org/
Capabilities:
64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 32-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints,
socketpairs, hardlinks, symlinks, IPv6, batchfiles, inplace,
append, ACLs, xattrs, iconv, symtimes, prealloc

rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you
are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. See the GNU
General Public Licence for details.

rsync is a file transfer program capable of efficient remote update
via a fast differencing algorithm.

Usage: rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... DEST
or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST:DEST
or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST::DEST
or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST
or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST:SRC [DEST]
or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST::SRC [DEST]
or rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST]
The ':' usages connect via remote shell, while '::' & 'rsync://' usages connect
to an rsync daemon, and require SRC or DEST to start with a module name.

Options
-v, --verbose increase verbosity
--info=FLAGS fine-grained informational verbosity
--debug=FLAGS fine-grained debug verbosity
--msgs2stderr special output handling for debugging
-q, --quiet suppress non-error messages
--no-motd suppress daemon-mode MOTD (see manpage caveat)
-c, --checksum skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size
-a, --archive archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X)
--no-OPTION turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D)
-r, --recursive recurse into directories
-R, --relative use relative path names
--no-implied-dirs don't send implied dirs with --relative
-b, --backup make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir)
--backup-dir=DIR make backups into hierarchy based in DIR
--suffix=SUFFIX set backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir)
-u, --update skip files that are newer on the receiver
--inplace update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE)
--append append data onto shorter files
--append-verify like --append, but with old data in file checksum
-d, --dirs transfer directories without recursing
-l, --links copy symlinks as symlinks
-L, --copy-links transform symlink into referent file/dir
--copy-unsafe-links only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed
--safe-links ignore symlinks that point outside the source tree
--munge-links munge symlinks to make them safer (but unusable)
-k, --copy-dirlinks transform symlink to a dir into referent dir
-K, --keep-dirlinks treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir
-H, --hard-links preserve hard links
-p, --perms preserve permissions
-E, --executability preserve the file's executability
--chmod=CHMOD affect file and/or directory permissions
-A, --acls preserve ACLs (implies --perms)
-X, --xattrs preserve extended attributes
-o, --owner preserve owner (super-user only)
-g, --group preserve group
--devices preserve device files (super-user only)
--specials preserve special files
-D same as --devices --specials

上边是第一部分，和第二部分的一部分输出，不明白为什么会打印 rsync 的帮助信息出来。

[conanwhf]

这个项目只是我之前做项目的时候随手写的工具，备份在这里，发现有不少人在用，真的很惊讶…… 看起来你的问题是rysnc造成的，你手动跑一下rsync的那句话试试，感觉好像你的rsync版本不同导致不接受传进去的参数。你的打印信息里面，貌似像—force这种就没有列出来，可能不支持。

…

在 2017年8月5日，18:55，angeluslove ***@***.***> 写道： ***@***.***:~ $ sudo ./piback.sh no argument, assume the mount device is /dev/sda1 ? Y/N y FUSE exfat 1.1.0 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done dosfstools is already the newest version. kpartx is already the newest version. parted is already the newest version. rsync is already the newest version. 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded. ===================== part 1, create a new blank img =============================== 6211636+0 records in 6211636+0 records out 6360715264 bytes (6.4 GB) copied, 3094.85 s, 2.1 MB/s boot: 8192 >>> 93596, root: 94208 >>> end mkfs.fat 3.0.27 (2014-11-12) mkfs.fat: warning - lowercase labels might not work properly with DOS or Windows unable to get drive geometry, using default 255/63 mke2fs 1.43.3 (04-Sep-2016) Creating filesystem with 1540864 4k blocks and 385536 inodes Filesystem UUID: 523e4157-7d1e-48aa-ae8e-c14192913909 Superblock backups stored on blocks: 32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736 Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done ===================== part 2, fill the data to img ========================= ...Boot partition done rsync version 3.1.1 protocol version 31 Copyright (C) 1996-2014 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others. Web site: http://rsync.samba.org/ <http://rsync.samba.org/> Capabilities: 64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 32-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints, socketpairs, hardlinks, symlinks, IPv6, batchfiles, inplace, append, ACLs, xattrs, iconv, symtimes, prealloc rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. See the GNU General Public Licence for details. rsync is a file transfer program capable of efficient remote update via a fast differencing algorithm. Allocating group tables: done Writing inode tables: done Creating journal (16384 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done ===================== part 2, fill the data to img ========================= ...Boot partition done rsync version 3.1.1 protocol version 31 Copyright (C) 1996-2014 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others. Web site: http://rsync.samba.org/ <http://rsync.samba.org/> Capabilities: 64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 32-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints, socketpairs, hardlinks, symlinks, IPv6, batchfiles, inplace, append, ACLs, xattrs, iconv, symtimes, prealloc rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. See the GNU General Public Licence for details. rsync is a file transfer program capable of efficient remote update via a fast differencing algorithm. Usage: rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST:DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST::DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST:SRC [DEST] or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST::SRC [DEST] or rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST] The ':' usages connect via remote shell, while '::' & 'rsync://' usages connect to an rsync daemon, and require SRC or DEST to start with a module name. Options -v, --verbose increase verbosity --info=FLAGS fine-grained informational verbosity --debug=FLAGS fine-grained debug verbosity --msgs2stderr special output handling for debugging -q, --quiet suppress non-error messages --no-motd suppress daemon-mode MOTD (see manpage caveat) -c, --checksum skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size -a, --archive archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X) --no-OPTION turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D) -r, --recursive recurse into directories -R, --relative use relative path names --no-implied-dirs don't send implied dirs with --relative -b, --backup make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir) --backup-dir=DIR make backups into hierarchy based in DIR --suffix=SUFFIX set backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir) -u, --update skip files that are newer on the receiver --inplace update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE) --append append data onto shorter files --append-verify like --append, but with old data in file checksum -d, --dirs transfer directories without recursing -l, --links copy symlinks as symlinks -L, --copy-links transform symlink into referent file/dir --copy-unsafe-links only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed --safe-links ignore symlinks that point outside the source tree --munge-links munge symlinks to make them safer (but unusable) -k, --copy-dirlinks transform symlink to a dir into referent dir -K, --keep-dirlinks treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir -H, --hard-links preserve hard links -p, --perms preserve permissions -E, --executability preserve the file's executability --chmod=CHMOD affect file and/or directory permissions -A, --acls preserve ACLs (implies --perms) -X, --xattrs preserve extended attributes -o, --owner preserve owner (super-user only) -g, --group preserve group --devices preserve device files (super-user only) --specials preserve special files -D same as --devices --specials 上边是第一部分，和第二部分的一部分输出，不明白为什么会打印 rsync 的帮助信息出来。 — You are receiving this because you are subscribed to this thread. Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub <#4 (comment)>, or mute the thread <https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/ANfwN4TFzFcA8jtbhapGvAhLjUV7TPDgks5sVEoRgaJpZM4Oubjt>.

[angeluslove]

以树莓派的销量来看，这种需求的人一定不会少，这个脚本还是非常有价值的！

[angeluslove]

非常感谢你的脚本，经过排错和修改，已经完美备份成功，树莓派3的备份后，写入img到zero中也可以正常启动运行。 以后可以发布自己修改过的镜像了，非常完美！再次感谢你的工作！

[conanwhf]

太客气了！如果是脚本本身有什么bug，欢迎提交你的修改方案！

…

在 2017年8月11日，15:13，angeluslove ***@***.***> 写道： 非常感谢你的脚本，经过排错和修改，已经完美备份成功，树莓派3的备份后，写入img到zero中也可以正常启动运行。 以后可以发布自己修改过的镜像了，非常完美！再次感谢你的工作！ — You are receiving this because you commented. Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub <#4 (comment)>, or mute the thread <https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/ANfwN_elM_inGiKaTkt4ljDtFBMLoqztks5sW_7_gaJpZM4Oubjt>.

[angeluslove]

sudo rsync --force -rltWDEgopt --delete --stats --progress
最后一个参数和换行标记中间缺少空格
--progress\ 应该修改为 --progress \ ，不然会引起rsync报错，主要是缺少空格后会和后边的参数粘连起来，导致过程报错！

[angeluslove]

-rltWDEgopt 参数里边的t 重复了，不过不会报错，我不清楚这个是否有影响

[angeluslove]

sudo apt-get -y install rsync dosfstools parted kpartx exfat-fuse
可以把工具下载的语句添加到最开始，添加exfat-fuse支持挂载exfat格式u盘
然后修改挂载的两个语句为
sudo mount -o uid=1000 /dev/sda1 $usbmount
这样可以支持大于4g的单个img文件

[conanwhf]

好的，下周我看看merge进去，感谢！

…

在 2017年8月12日，08:50，angeluslove ***@***.***> 写道： -rltWDEgopt 参数里边的t 重复了，不过不会报错，我不清楚这个是否有影响 — You are receiving this because you commented. Reply to this email directly, view it on GitHub <#4 (comment)>, or mute the thread <https://github.com/notifications/unsubscribe-auth/ANfwN6q6urq2kUZY8q7-LDaSG0H6Hve2ks5sXPbvgaJpZM4Oubjt>.

[udpsec]

rsync: chown "/mnt/backup_root/opt/Wolfram/WolframEngine/11.0/SystemFiles/Formats/XHTML/.Export.m.Beaje7" failed: Operation not permitted (1) 同步时候出现这个卡住了 你们都遇到过没

[angeluslove]

可以尝试切换到root再运行脚本！

[udpsec]

@angeluslove 好的，谢谢了 刚刚用root备份成功现在实验看看

[udpsec]

@angeluslove 恢复镜像写入到别的SD卡 那个根目录cmdline.txt root这里要改吗

[angeluslove]

@udpsec 我备份后，没有修改过任何东西，可以随意恢复到任何一个设备！

[udpsec]

@angeluslove 好的，我是想用U盘启动系统的恢复了结果没点亮 我自己再去研究研究吧。谢谢你解答了