Bump logback, jackson, mockito, and junit versions for security and consistency

[nthmost-orkes]

Summary

• logback-classic 1.5.6 → 1.5.20 across 3 modules (conductor-client, examples/old, tests) — fixes CVE-2024-12798 and CVE-2024-12801
• jackson-datatype-jdk8 2.15.2 → 2.17.1 in conductor-client — aligns with project's jackson 2.17.x baseline
• mockito-inline removed from conductor-client — merged into mockito-core in Mockito 5.x; mockito-inline:5.x does not exist on Maven Central
• mockito-core 5.4.0 → 5.12.0 in conductor-client and conductor-client-metrics — aligns with versions.gradle
• junit 5.8.1/5.13.1 → 5.10.3 in conductor-client-metrics and examples/old — aligns with versions.gradle

Test plan

• ./gradlew :conductor-client:test passes
• ./gradlew :conductor-client-metrics:test passes
• ./gradlew build succeeds

[nthmost-orkes]

Fixed the CI failure — mockito-inline was removed as a separate artifact in Mockito 5.x (inline mocking is now built into mockito-core). Dropped the line; mockito-core:5.12.0 covers it.

[codecov]

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