FORCE Level 2 Error: could not create image to image transformer

[dryginmo]

Hello,

when processing Sentinel 2 data to a level 2 product I get the following error: "could not create image to image transformer. warping BOA failed. error in compiling L2 BOA. error in compiling Level 2 products. Error in radiometric module."
I have tried various very basic settings in my parameter file, but can not solve this issue. Could something be missing in my FORCE installation? How would I check for this? What else could cause this error message in my Sentinel 2 Level 2 processing?

Thanks for any hints.
Best regards,
Johannes

[davidfrantz]

Hi @dryginmo.

the most likely explanation is that the chosen projection is not valid.

You can either use one of the built-in projections, or validate your custom projection with GDAL:

Example:

gdalsrsinfo -V 'PROJCS["BU MEaSUREs Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area - NA - V01",GEOGCS["GCS_WGS_1984",DATUM["D_WGS_1984",SPHEROID["WGS_1984",6378137.0,298.257223563]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION["Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area"],PARAMETER["false_easting",0.0],PARAMETER["false_northing",0.0],PARAMETER["longitude_of_center",-100],PARAMETER["latitude_of_center",50],UNIT["meter",1.0]]'                                                                      
                                                                                                                                                                           
Validate Succeeds                                                                                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                                                           
PROJ.4 : +proj=laea +lat_0=50 +lon_0=-100 +x_0=0 +y_0=0 +datum=WGS84 +units=m +no_defs                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                                                           
OGC WKT2:2018 :                                                                                                                                                            
PROJCRS["BU MEaSUREs Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area - NA - V01",                                                                                                             
    BASEGEOGCRS["WGS 84",                                                                                                                                                  
        DATUM["World Geodetic System 1984",                                                                                                                                
            ELLIPSOID["WGS 84",6378137,298.257223563,                                                                                                                      
                LENGTHUNIT["metre",1]],                                                                                                                                    
            ID["EPSG",6326]],                                                                                                                                              
        PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,                                                                                                                                              
            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433]]],                                                                                                                      
    CONVERSION["unnamed",                                                                                                                                                  
        METHOD["Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area",                                                                                                                             
            ID["EPSG",9820]],                                                                                                                                              
        PARAMETER["Latitude of natural origin",50,                                                                                                                         
            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],                                                                                                                        
            ID["EPSG",8801]],                                                                                                                                              
        PARAMETER["Longitude of natural origin",-100,                                                                                                                      
            ANGLEUNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433],                                                                                                                        
            ID["EPSG",8802]],                                                                                                                                              
        PARAMETER["False easting",0,                                                                                                                                       
            LENGTHUNIT["meter",1],                                                                                                                                         
            ID["EPSG",8806]],                                                                                                                                              
        PARAMETER["False northing",0,                                                                                                                                      
            LENGTHUNIT["meter",1],                                                                                                                                         
            ID["EPSG",8807]]],                                                                                                                                             
    CS[Cartesian,2],                                                                                                                                                       
        AXIS["(E)",east,                                                                                                                                                   
            ORDER[1],                                                                                                                                                      
            LENGTHUNIT["meter",1]],                                                                                                                                        
        AXIS["(N)",north,                                                                                                                                                  
            ORDER[2],                                                                                                                                                      
            LENGTHUNIT["meter",1]]]                                                                                                                                        

[dryginmo]

Thanks for this solution. When using any coordinate system in "WKT ESRI" coding it works. However my Level 2 data is corrupted. The processed files exist, are about 30mb large, but they consist of empty pixel. . There are no error messages in the log file. I´m not sure if this has something to do with the prior error. When trying to compute a histogram in QGIS I´d get the message: "std::bad_array_new_length".
Please let me know if I should open a new thread about this.

[davidfrantz]

Did you start a new datacube after changing the projection (or delete all the old files)?

[dryginmo]

Yes, I did delete everything.

[davidfrantz]

Yes, I believe a new thread would be good

[jakimowb]

With FORCE 3.10.04 I get the same error when running force-level2 using a large-area VRT as DIR_COREG_BASE. The error disappears when using a subset of the larger VRT (created by warping). Note that the projection / WKT of both base images is exactly same. @davidfrantz should I create a bug report issue for?

Log file:

FORCE Level 2 Processing System
-----------------------------------------------------------

Start of processing: 2026-01-06 16:17:53
Image: /data/Aldhani/dc/lux/input/sentinel2/images/S2A_MSIL1C_20210221T104041_N0500_R008_T31UFQ_20230521T152935.SAFE
Image is already unpacked

Start core processing
-----------------------------------------------------------

dc: 100.00%. wc:   0.41%. sc:   0.01%. cc:   0.56%. could not create image to image transformer. Warping base failed! coregistration failed.

-----------------------------------------------------------
Core processing signaled FAIL

End of processing: 2026-01-06 16:19:26
May the FORCE be with you!

Tested S2 image:
S2A_MSIL1C_20210221T104041_N0500_R008_T31UFQ_20230521T152935.SAFE

CRS WKT

PROJCS["ETRS89-extended / LAEA Europe",GEOGCS["ETRS89",DATUM["European_Terrestrial_Reference_System_1989",SPHEROID["GRS 1980",6378137,298.257222101,AUTHORITY["EPSG","7019"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","6258"]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0,AUTHORITY["EPSG","8901"]],UNIT["degree",0.0174532925199433,AUTHORITY["EPSG","9122"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","4258"]],PROJECTION["Lambert_Azimuthal_Equal_Area"],PARAMETER["latitude_of_center",52],PARAMETER["longitude_of_center",10],PARAMETER["false_easting",4321000],PARAMETER["false_northing",3210000],UNIT["metre",1,AUTHORITY["EPSG","9001"]],AUTHORITY["EPSG","3035"]]

[davidfrantz]

Hi @jakimowb,

not sure why this would happen. Can you please use the debug version to get some extra information for both runs? Please use the latest dev-debug, I just pushed some more diagnostic prints in there.