TypeScript

TypeScript is an open-source programming language that is a typed superset of JavaScript. It was developed by Microsoft and is designed to address some of the shortcomings of JavaScript by adding optional static typing, class-based object-oriented programming, and other features that are not present in JavaScript.

TypeScript code can be compiled to JavaScript, which means that it can be used in any environment where JavaScript is supported, such as web browsers and Node.js. By providing optional static typing, TypeScript helps to catch errors during development time, making the code more reliable and easier to maintain. TypeScript also provides features like interfaces, enums, and classes that make it easier to write object-oriented code in JavaScript.

Setting Up

1. Setup

Install Node.js (if not installed)

TypeScript requires Node.js to run. Download and install it from: https://nodejs.org/ After installation, check if Node.js and npm are installed

node -v
npm -v

2. Install TypeScript

Run the following command to install TypeScript globally

npm install -g typescript

Verify the installation:

tsc -v

If you see a version number, TypeScript is installed.

3. Create a TypeScript Project

Create a new folder and navigate into it:

mkdir typescript-demo
cd typescript-demo

Initialize a new project (optional but recommended):

npm init -y

4. Create a TypeScript File

Inside the typescript-demo folder, create a new file index.ts:

function greet(): string {
    return `Hello, World !`;
}

console.log(greet());

5. Compile TypeScript to JavaScript

tsc index.ts

This will generate a index.js file in the same directory.

6. Run the JavaScript File

Run the generated JavaScript file using Node.js:

node index.js

Output:

Hello, World !

⏩ Next: TypeScript Documentation