fix(build): Use dot-notation version format for Sparkle comparator

[eyelock]

Summary

Sparkle has never successfully offered an update across all 9 beta releases due to two compounding bugs in how version strings were set.

• Bug 1 — SHA in CFBundleVersion: The build system wrote a 7-char git SHA (e.g. 8be83a1) into CFBundleVersion. Sparkle's SUStandardVersionComparator treats the leading hex digit numerically, so every installed beta compared as newer than any appcast entry. No update was ever offered.
• Bug 2 — Dash truncation: SUStandardVersionComparator truncates at the first -, so 0.7.0-beta.8 and 0.7.0-beta.9 both reduce to 0.7.0 and compare as equal. Even with a correct CFBundleVersion, consecutive betas would never update.

Changes

• Makefile / CI / appcast script: Introduce SPARKLE_VERSION conversion — 0.7.0-beta.9 → 0.7.0.b9 (dot notation). Applied consistently in all three places that write version strings. CFBundleVersion and CFBundleShortVersionString now use this format.
• TermQBuildSHA: Git SHA moved to a custom plist key (TermQBuildSHA). Sparkle never reads custom keys. Settings → About Build field reads from this key.
• Info.plist templates: TermQBuildSHA placeholder added to both Info.plist.template and Config/Info-Debug.plist.
• Tests: 8 unit tests against the real SUStandardVersionComparator — correctness tests for the new .bN scheme plus regression guards proving the old SHA and dash formats are broken.
• Localization: Two pre-existing /* NEEDS TRANSLATION */ markers (settings.auto.check.updates, settings.debug.update.warning.title) translated across all 39 non-English language files.
• Docs/skills: sparkle-updater skill, release/references/beta.md, and CONTRIBUTING.md updated with the version format rules and pitfalls.

Testing

• make test passes — all 570 tests green, 8 new VersionComparisonTests all pass
• make check passes — 0 lint errors, 0 format errors
• Localization validated — all 40 language files consistent
• Logging audit — no privacy violations
• Manual install required for existing beta users (Sparkle has never delivered an update; this is not a regression)

Notes

Existing installs have a git SHA in CFBundleVersion and will not auto-update to this release. One manual install is required — after which Sparkle will correctly detect and offer all future updates.

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