Upgrade Node.js from v22 to v24

[fatadel]

Node 24 is the current LTS.
Snapshot changes are due to undici v7 (bundled with Node 24) removing internal symbols from web spec objects like Response.

Closes #5892.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 85.41%. Comparing base (b8aabaa) to head (ec37fd8).
⚠️ Report is 4 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #5923   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   85.41%   85.41%           
=======================================
  Files         321      321           
  Lines       32158    32158           
  Branches     8876     8782   -94     
=======================================
  Hits        27469    27469           
  Misses       4253     4253           
  Partials      436      436           

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