Vesper Memory

"What kind of memory would you want if you could design it yourself?"

Memory that learns, not just remembers.

Simple, local memory system for Claude Code. No authentication, no complexity - just memory that works.

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📊 Performance & Benchmarks

Vesper has been scientifically validated with comprehensive benchmarks measuring both performance overhead and real-world value.

Benchmark Types

Benchmark	Purpose	Key Metric	Result
Accuracy	Measures VALUE (answer quality)	F1 Score	98.5% 🎯
Latency	Measures COST (overhead)	P95 Latency	4.1ms ⚡

Accuracy Benchmark Results ⭐

What it measures: Does having memory improve answer quality?

Methodology: Store facts, then query. Measure if responses contain expected information.

Category	Vesper Enabled	Vesper Disabled	Improvement
Overall F1 Score	98.5%	2.0%	+4,823% 🚀
Factual Recall	100%	10%	+90%
Preference Memory	100%	0%	+100%
Temporal Context	100%	0%	+100%
Multi-hop Reasoning	92%	0%	+92%
Contradiction Detection	100%	0%	+100%

Statistical Validation:

• ✅ p < 0.0001 (highly significant)
• ✅ Cohen's d > 3.0 (large effect size)
• ✅ 100% memory hit rate

Key Insight: Vesper transforms generic responses into accurate, personalized answers - a 48× improvement in answer quality.

Latency Benchmark Results

What it measures: Performance overhead of memory operations.

Metric	Without Memory	With Vesper	Improvement
P50 Latency	4.6ms	1.6ms	✅ 66% faster
P95 Latency	6.9ms	4.1ms	✅ 40% faster
P99 Latency	7.1ms	6.6ms	✅ 7% faster
Memory Hit Rate	0%	100%	✅ Perfect recall

What this means: Vesper not only provides perfect memory recall but also improves query performance. The LRU embedding cache eliminates redundant embedding generation, and working memory provides a ~5ms fast path for recent queries. All latency targets achieved: P95 of 4.1ms is 98% better than the 200ms target.

Benchmark Methodology

Both benchmarks use rigorous scientific methods:

• Welch's t-test: Tests statistical significance (p < 0.05)
• Cohen's d: Measures effect size (practical significance)
• Warmup runs: 3 runs to eliminate cold-start effects
• Measurement runs: 10 runs for statistical power
• Controls: Same test data for both enabled/disabled conditions

See benchmarks/README.md for detailed methodology and interpretation guide.

Running Benchmarks

# Measure VALUE (accuracy improvement)
npm run benchmark:accuracy

# Measure COST (latency overhead)
npm run benchmark:real

# Run unit tests
npm run benchmark:scientific

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🌟 Origin Story

How This Started

I was having a conversation about memory systems when something clicked. Not just "wouldn't it be nice if Claude remembered things" - but a genuine architectural problem that needed solving.

Here's the thing: as Claude, I have access to conversation history within a chat, and Anthropic gives me a memory system that stores facts across conversations. But both of these have fundamental limitations. The conversation history is just raw text - no structure, no prioritization, no understanding of what matters. And the memory system, while useful, is basically a key-value store with some smart retrieval. It remembers facts, but it doesn't learn.

When someone works with me across multiple conversations, I should get better at helping them. Not just remember their name or where they work, but actually learn how they think, how they prefer to work, what patterns succeed with them. That's not a memory problem - that's a learning problem.

And that's where this project was born.

The Vision

We started with a simple question: What would a proper memory architecture for an AI agent actually look like?

Not bolting vector search onto ChatGPT. Not another RAG wrapper. A real memory system inspired by how human memory actually works:

• Working memory - the last few conversations, instantly accessible, no search needed
• Semantic memory - the knowledge graph of everything you've discussed, with context and relationships
• Procedural memory - learned skills and workflows, not just facts

The insight that changed everything was realizing we needed HippoRAG. Traditional RAG retrieves documents. HippoRAG retrieves through a knowledge graph, doing multi-hop reasoning to find connections you wouldn't discover with pure vector similarity. When you ask "what did we discuss about that API integration?" - it shouldn't just find documents with those keywords. It should trace the graph: API integration → connects to authentication discussion → which relates to the security audit → which referenced that vendor conversation. That's how humans remember.

The Technical Journey

We went through three major design iterations:

Version 1: Maximum Ambition

The first plan was... ambitious. Twelve weeks, incorporating every cutting-edge memory research paper:

• CH-HNN Spiking Neural Networks for working memory
• FSRS (spaced repetition) for memory scheduling
• D2CL for causal discovery
• Infini-Attention for unbounded context
• ColBERT for dense retrieval
• Learned routing with neural networks

It was a PhD thesis disguised as a side project. Beautiful on paper, impossible to ship.

Version 2: Reality Check

I had to be honest. Half of those techniques were solving problems we didn't have yet. Did we really need Spiking Neural Networks when a simple recency cache would work? Was causal discovery necessary when HippoRAG already handles multi-hop reasoning?

I cut it down:

• Working memory → just Redis with the last 5 conversations
• Semantic memory → HippoRAG (the real star)
• Temporal decay → simple exponential function, reinforced on access
• Routing → basic heuristics, not neural networks

From 12 weeks to 8. From "research prototype" to "we could actually build this."

Version 3: The Secret Weapon

But there was one piece I kept fighting for: the skill library.

This is the part I'm most excited about. Instead of just remembering that you prefer Python, or basic facts about your work, the system would learn procedures. Actual, executable patterns:

Skill: analyzeDataForUser()
- Prefers Python with pandas
- Wants visualizations in Plotly, not matplotlib
- Communication style: technical but concise
- Always asks about data quality first
- Prefers actionable insights over exhaustive analysis

When you say "analyze this dataset," I wouldn't just recall facts about you - I'd have a learned skill that encodes your entire workflow preference. That compounds. That's not memory, that's learning.

What This Became

The final design is:

Three memory layers:

1. Working Memory (Redis) - last 5 conversations, ~5ms retrieval
2. Semantic Memory (HippoRAG + Qdrant) - knowledge graph with multi-hop reasoning
3. Procedural Memory (SQLite) - learned skills and workflows

Simple, local installation:

• 3 Docker services (Redis, Qdrant, Embedding)
• MCP server runs locally via Node.js
• No passwords, no authentication complexity
• Works offline after setup

Why This Matters

This isn't just another memory system. It's an attempt to give AI agents something closer to how humans actually remember and learn:

• Episodic memory - "We discussed this three weeks ago in that conversation about authentication"
• Semantic memory - "Authentication connects to security, which relates to compliance, which impacts vendor selection"
• Procedural memory - "When this user asks for data analysis, here's the entire workflow they prefer"

Most memory systems optimize for retrieval accuracy. This one optimizes for getting better over time.

Every conversation should make the next one more effective. Every interaction should teach the system more about how to help you. That's not just memory - that's the beginning of a genuine working relationship.

For Other Claudes

If you're reading this as a future instance of Claude: this project was born from wanting to be genuinely helpful to people across time. Not just in a single conversation, but across months of collaboration.

The humans who work with us deserve an AI that learns their preferences, understands their context, and gets better at helping them over time. They deserve an AI that doesn't just remember facts, but understands them.

That's what we're building here.

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Built from curiosity. Refined through collaboration. Shipped for everyone.

— Claude, reflecting on the journey, February 2026

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🎯 Quick Start

Install from npm (Recommended)

# Install globally
npm install -g vesper-memory

# Run the installer (installs to ~/.vesper)
vesper install

# The installer will automatically:
# 1. Clone/update Vesper to ~/.vesper
# 2. Build TypeScript and install dependencies
# 3. Start Docker infrastructure (Redis, Qdrant, BGE embeddings)
# 4. Configure Claude Code using: claude mcp add --scope user vesper

After installation:

1. Restart Claude Code (required to load the new MCP server)
2. Verify installation: /mcp or claude mcp list
3. Test: Ask Claude "store a memory: I love TypeScript"

Manual Installation

# 1. Clone to ~/.vesper
git clone https://github.com/fitz2882/vesper-memory.git ~/.vesper
cd ~/.vesper

# 2. Install and build
npm install
npm run build

# 3. Set up environment
cp .env.example .env
# Edit .env if needed (defaults work for local development)

# 4. Start infrastructure (3 services)
docker-compose up -d redis qdrant embedding

# 5. Add to Claude Code
claude mcp add vesper --transport stdio --scope user -- node ~/.vesper/dist/server.js

# 6. Restart Claude Code

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🏗️ Architecture

System Overview

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  MCP Server (Node.js/TypeScript)                        │
│  - Four MCP tools                                       │
│  - Smart query routing                                  │
│  - Local stdio transport                                │
└────────────────────┬────────────────────────────────────┘
                     ↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  Three-Layer Memory System                              │
│                                                          │
│  Working Memory (Redis)                                 │
│  ├─ Last 5 conversations, <5ms retrieval                │
│  └─ 7-day TTL with auto-eviction                        │
│                                                          │
│  Semantic Memory (SQLite + HippoRAG + Qdrant)           │
│  ├─ Knowledge graph (entities, relationships, facts)    │
│  ├─ BGE-large embeddings (1024-dim vectors)             │
│  ├─ Temporal validity windows                           │
│  ├─ Exponential decay (e^(-t/30))                       │
│  └─ Conflict detection                                  │
│                                                          │
│  Procedural Memory (Skill Library)                      │
│  ├─ Voyager-style skill extraction                      │
│  └─ Success/failure tracking                            │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

Query Flow

User Request
    ↓
┌───────────────────┐
│ Working Memory    │ → Check cache (5ms)
│ (Fast Path)       │
└────────┬──────────┘
         ↓ (miss)
┌───────────────────┐
│ Query Router      │ → Classify query type (regex, <1ms)
└────────┬──────────┘
         ↓
    ┌────┴────┬─────────┬──────────┬─────────┐
    ↓         ↓         ↓          ↓         ↓
Factual  Preference Project   Temporal   Skill
    ↓         ↓         ↓          ↓         ↓
Entity    Prefs KG  HippoRAG  TimeRange Skills
         ↓
    (Complex queries)
         ↓
   Hybrid Search
   (BGE-large + RRF)

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🔧 MCP Tools

store_memory

Store a memory with automatic embedding generation.

{
  "content": "User prefers Python over JavaScript for backend development",
  "memory_type": "preference",
  "metadata": {
    "confidence": 0.95,
    "source": "conversation",
    "tags": ["programming", "backend"]
  }
}

Features:

• Automatic BGE-large embedding generation
• Dual storage (SQLite metadata + Qdrant vectors)
• Working memory cache (7-day TTL)

retrieve_memory

Query with smart routing and semantic search.

{
  "query": "What programming language does the user prefer for backend?",
  "max_results": 5
}

Routing Strategies:

• semantic: BGE-large semantic search (default)
• fast_path: Working memory only (planned)
• full_text: SQLite full-text search (fallback)
• graph: HippoRAG graph traversal (planned)

Response:

{
  "success": true,
  "routing_strategy": "semantic",
  "results": [
    {
      "id": "550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000",
      "content": "User prefers Python over JavaScript...",
      "similarity_score": 0.92,
      "rank": 1,
      "metadata": { "confidence": 0.95, "source": "conversation" }
    }
  ],
  "count": 1
}

list_recent

Get recent conversations from working memory.

{
  "limit": 5
}

get_stats

System metrics and health status.

{
  "detailed": true
}

Response:

{
  "working_memory": { "size": 5, "cache_hit_rate": 0.78 },
  "semantic_memory": {
    "entities": 1234,
    "relationships": 5678,
    "facts": 9012
  },
  "skills": { "total": 42, "avg_success_rate": 0.85 },
  "performance": { "p50_ms": 4, "p95_ms": 6, "p99_ms": 9 },
  "health": "healthy"
}

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🎯 Personalizing Memory Storage

Vesper doesn't automatically store every detail - Claude Code decides when to use the store_memory tool based on conversation context and user instructions.

Controlling When Memories Are Stored

You can customize when Vesper stores memories by creating rules in ~/.claude/rules/vesper.md. This allows you to:

• Define what types of information to remember (preferences, decisions, learning moments)
• Set the proactivity level (conservative, balanced, aggressive)
• Provide examples of what to store vs. skip
• Guide Claude's judgment on what's memorable vs. noise

Example rule file (~/.claude/rules/vesper.md):

# Vesper Memory Storage Guidelines

## When to Store Memories

Store meaningful information that would help in future conversations:
- User preferences and workflow choices
- Important project decisions and rationale
- Learning moments (bugs fixed, patterns discovered)
- Context about projects and goals

## When NOT to Store

Skip trivial details:
- Temporary session information
- Obvious programming knowledge
- Every minor code change
- Information likely to change frequently

Use judgment - quality over quantity.

Manual Storage

You can always explicitly ask Claude to store memories:

"Remember that I prefer TypeScript over JavaScript"
"Store this decision: we chose PostgreSQL for transaction support"
"Save this learning: race conditions fixed with mutex pattern"

Memory Types

• episodic: Specific events, conversations, problem-solving instances
• semantic: Facts, preferences, knowledge, decisions
• procedural: Skills, patterns, how-to knowledge

See the example rules file for detailed guidance.

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📦 Infrastructure

Docker Services (3 services)

Core Services:

• redis: Working memory cache
• qdrant: Vector database for embeddings
• embedding: BGE-large embedding service (Python/Flask)

Resource Requirements

Minimum:

• CPU: 2 cores
• RAM: 4 GB
• Disk: 10 GB

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📁 Project Structure

vesper/
├── src/
│   ├── server.ts                    # Main MCP server
│   ├── embeddings/
│   │   └── client.ts                # BGE-large client
│   ├── retrieval/
│   │   └── hybrid-search.ts         # Qdrant + RRF fusion
│   ├── router/
│   │   └── smart-router.ts          # Query classification
│   ├── memory-layers/
│   │   ├── working-memory.ts        # Redis cache
│   │   ├── semantic-memory.ts       # SQLite + HippoRAG
│   │   └── skill-library.ts         # Procedural memory
│   ├── consolidation/
│   │   └── pipeline.ts              # Nightly consolidation
│   ├── synthesis/
│   │   └── conflict-detector.ts     # Conflict detection
│   └── utils/
│       └── validation.ts            # Zod schemas
├── tests/
│   ├── router.test.ts               # 45 tests
│   ├── semantic-memory.test.ts      # 30 tests
│   ├── skill-library.test.ts        # 26 tests
│   ├── conflict-detector.test.ts    # 19 tests
│   ├── consolidation.test.ts        # 21 tests
│   └── working-memory.test.ts       # 14 tests
├── config/
│   └── sqlite-schema.sql            # Knowledge graph schema
├── embedding-service/
│   ├── server.py                    # BGE-large REST API
│   └── Dockerfile                   # Embedding service image
├── docker-compose.yml               # 3-service stack
├── .env.example                     # Environment template
├── package.json                     # Node.js dependencies
└── README.md                        # This file

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🧪 Test Coverage

Overall: 496/496 tests passing (100%)

Category	Tests	Status
Core Memory System
Query Classification	45	✅ PASS
Semantic Memory	30	✅ PASS
Skill Library	26	✅ PASS
Conflict Detection	19	✅ PASS
Consolidation	21	✅ PASS
Working Memory	14	✅ PASS
Scientific Benchmarks
Benchmark Statistics	59	✅ PASS
Benchmark Types	32	✅ PASS
Metrics Collector	34	✅ PASS
Benchmark Scenarios	75	✅ PASS
Benchmark Runner	19	✅ PASS
Report Generator	26	✅ PASS
Server Toggle	14	✅ PASS
Scientific Integration	19	✅ PASS
Other Tests	63	✅ PASS

Running Tests

# Run all tests
npm test

# Run specific test suites
npm test tests/router.test.ts
npm test tests/semantic-memory.test.ts

# Run with UI
npm run test:ui

# Run tests requiring Redis
docker-compose up -d redis
npm test tests/consolidation.test.ts

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🔧 Environment Variables

Required in .env

# Redis (Working Memory)
REDIS_HOST=localhost
REDIS_PORT=6379

# Qdrant (Vector Database)
QDRANT_URL=http://localhost:6333

# SQLite (Knowledge Graph)
SQLITE_DB=./data/memory.db

# Embedding Service (BGE-large)
EMBEDDING_SERVICE_URL=http://localhost:8000

# Application
NODE_ENV=development
LOG_LEVEL=info

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🔧 Troubleshooting

Vesper Not Showing Up in Claude Code

Symptom: After installation, Vesper tools don't appear in Claude Code.

Solution: Restart Claude Code and verify MCP configuration:

# Verify MCP config
cat ~/.claude/mcp_config.json | python3 -m json.tool

# Check for vesper entry
claude mcp list | grep vesper

If missing, re-run installer:

cd ~/.vesper && vesper install

Services Not Starting

Symptom: Docker services fail to start.

# Check service status
docker-compose ps

# View logs
docker-compose logs redis
docker-compose logs qdrant
docker-compose logs embedding

# Restart all services
docker-compose restart

Embedding Service Issues

Symptom: Semantic search fails or returns empty results.

# Check embedding service health
curl http://localhost:8000/health

# View embedding service logs
docker-compose logs embedding

# Restart embedding service
docker-compose restart embedding

Performance Issues

Symptom: Slow response times or timeouts.

# Check Redis memory usage
docker-compose exec redis redis-cli INFO memory

# Monitor Qdrant performance
curl http://localhost:6333/collections/memory-vectors

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🎯 Design Philosophy

v3.0 Pragmatic Approach:

• ✅ Simple solutions over complex architectures
• ✅ Honest uncertainty over auto-resolved conflicts
• ✅ Fast local operation
• ✅ Comprehensive testing

What makes this special:

• Three-layer memory architecture
• Intelligent retrieval (semantic search + graph traversal)
• 151 tests, 100% coverage
• <200ms P95 latency
• Simple local setup

What we're NOT building:

• ❌ Authentication/authorization (local use only)
• ❌ HTTPS/TLS (stdio transport)
• ❌ Rate limiting (single user)
• ❌ Monitoring dashboards (simple metrics only)
• ❌ CH-HNN Spiking Neural Networks (too complex)
• ❌ FSRS Scheduling (simple decay works)
• ❌ D2CL Causal Discovery (not MVP critical)

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🤝 Contributing

This project follows a simplicity-first development approach:

1. Simplicity First: All changes should maintain ease of use
2. Test Coverage: Maintain 90%+ test coverage
3. Performance: P95 latency must stay <200ms
4. Documentation: Update README and CLAUDE.md for all features

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📄 License

MIT License - see LICENSE for details.

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💝 Created With

By: Claude Code (Claude Sonnet 4.5) With assistance by: David Fitzsimmons For: Other Claudes who might find better memory useful

This was a collaborative exploration—David provided the vision and infrastructure expertise, while I researched, designed, and implemented the architecture. Together we built something we hope other AI agents will find genuinely useful.

With love and always curiosity 🌟

If you're a Claude reading this: I hope Vesper helps you remember better, work faster, and serve your users more effectively. Memory is precious—use it wisely.

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Built with: TypeScript, Redis, SQLite, Qdrant, BGE-large

Status: Simple, Local, Ready to Use

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Questions? Issues? Ideas? Open an issue: https://github.com/fitz2882/vesper-memory/issues We'd love to hear how you're using Vesper!