FLP Scanning Portal

Upload portal for Free Law Project volunteer scanners to submit scanned legal documents (PDFs) for processing. A Django application that supports file uploads, staff review workflows, and S3-backed storage.

This project, including its code, tests, and this README, was vibe coded with Claude Code. It has not had extensive human review. Please read everything with skepticism!

Quick Start (Development)

# 1. Clone and enter the repo
git clone <repo-url> && cd scanning

# 2. Copy the dev environment file
cp .env.example .env.dev

# 3. Start everything
docker compose -f docker/scanning/docker-compose.yml up --build

# 4. Create a superuser
docker compose -f docker/scanning/docker-compose.yml exec scanning-django \
    python manage.py createsuperuser

The portal is now running at http://localhost:8002. Log in at /login/ with the superuser credentials you just created.

Architecture

Stack

Layer	Technology
Language	Python 3.13, Django 6.0
Database	PostgreSQL 16
CSS	Tailwind 3.x (built via npm)
Templates	Django templates + django-cotton components
File storage	Local filesystem (dev), S3 via django-storages (prod)
Containers	Docker Compose for development
ASGI server	Gunicorn + Uvicorn workers (prod)

Project Structure

scanning/ serves as both the Django project package (settings, asgi, wsgi, urls) and the single app (models, views, forms). This is the simplest approach for a single-app project.

scanning/
  models.py           Scan model with Reporter/Status enums
  views.py            Upload, list, detail, review (function-based)
  forms.py            ScanUploadForm, ScanReviewForm
  urls.py             Root URL configuration
  admin.py            Scan admin registration
  storage.py          PrivateS3Storage + static storage
  context_processors.py
  workers.py          Custom UvicornWorker
  settings/
    django.py         Core Django settings
    project/
      logging.py, security.py, testing.py
    third_party/
      aws.py, sentry.py
  templates/scanning/ Login, upload, list, detail templates
  assets/
    templates/        base.html, cotton components
    tailwind/         Config + input CSS
    static-global/    Generated CSS output

Settings Pattern

Settings follow the wiki project's split-file pattern. scanning/settings/__init__.py uses wildcard imports to compose the final config from:

settings/
  django.py              Core Django settings
  project/
    logging.py, security.py, testing.py
  third_party/
    aws.py, sentry.py

All settings use environ.FileAwareEnv() for environment-variable-based configuration.

Data Model

Scan

Field	Type	Notes
`reporter`	`CharField`	TextChoices enum (e.g., U.S. Reports, Federal Reporter)
`volume`	`PositiveIntegerField`	Volume number
`pages`	`PositiveIntegerField`	Number of pages
`book_cover`	`ImageField`	Optional cover image, S3-backed
`original_pdf`	`FileField`	Required PDF upload, S3-backed
`redacted_pdf`	`FileField`	Populated after processing
`status`	`CharField`	`uploaded` / `processing` / `pending_review` / `approved` / `extracted`
`uploaded_by`	`ForeignKey(User)`	Who uploaded the scan
`uploaded_at`	`DateTimeField`	Auto-set on creation
`processed_at`	`DateTimeField`	Set when approved
`notes`	`TextField`	Optional notes

Reporters

U.S. Reports
Federal Cases
Federal Reporter (1st, 2d, 3d)
Federal Supplement (1st, 2d, 3d)

Views

URL	View	Auth	Description
`/login/`	`login_view`	Public	Username/password login
`/logout/`	`logout_view`	Any	Logs out, redirects to `/login/`
`/`	`scan_list`	Login required	Own scans (regular users) or all scans (staff). Filterable, paginated.
`/upload/`	`scan_upload`	Login required	Upload form. Sets `uploaded_by` and `status=uploaded` automatically.
`/scans/<int:pk>/`	`scan_detail`	Login required	Detail page with inline PDF viewer. Staff see approve/reject form.

Staff Review Workflow

Staff users see a review form on the scan detail page. They can:

Approve: Sets status=approved and records processed_at
Reject: Resets status=uploaded with review notes

Production Deployment

Prerequisites

Docker (or a Python 3.13 environment with PostgreSQL 16)
An AWS account with S3 configured
A domain with DNS and HTTPS configured (via a reverse proxy like Nginx or Caddy)

Step 1: Environment Variables

Create a .env file (or set environment variables directly). Every setting is read via django-environ's FileAwareEnv, so you can also use Docker secrets by pointing to files (e.g., SECRET_KEY_FILE=/run/secrets/key).

Required variables

Variable	Description	Example
`SECRET_KEY`	Django secret key. Generate with `python -c "from django.core.management.utils import get_random_secret_key; print(get_random_secret_key())"`	`abc123...`
`DEBUG`	Must be `False` in production	`False`
`DEVELOPMENT`	Must be `False` in production. Controls S3 storage, debug toolbar, and more	`False`
`ALLOWED_HOSTS`	Comma-separated list of domains	`scanning.free.law`
`DB_HOST`	PostgreSQL hostname	`db.example.com`
`DB_NAME`	PostgreSQL database name	`scanning`
`DB_USER`	PostgreSQL user	`scanning_user`
`DB_PASSWORD`	PostgreSQL password	`(strong password)`
`DB_SSL_MODE`	PostgreSQL SSL mode	`require`

AWS S3 (file storage + static files)

When DEVELOPMENT=False, Django uses S3 for both media uploads and static files. You need two S3 buckets:

Variable	Description	Default
`AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`	IAM credentials for S3	--
`AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`	IAM credentials for S3	--
`AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME`	Public bucket for static files	`com-freelawproject-scanning-storage`
`AWS_PRIVATE_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME`	Private bucket for uploaded files	`com-freelawproject-scanning-private-storage`
`AWS_S3_CUSTOM_DOMAIN`	Custom domain for static file URLs (optional)	`<bucket>.s3.amazonaws.com`

Static files bucket (AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME): Stores collected static assets (CSS, JS). Files are served from the static/ prefix within the bucket.

Private uploads bucket (AWS_PRIVATE_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME): Stores uploaded PDFs and cover images. All files are stored with private ACL and served via 5-minute signed URLs.

S3 bucket configuration

For the static files bucket:

Enable public access (or serve via CloudFront)
No special CORS or lifecycle rules needed

For the private uploads bucket:

Block all public access (files are served via signed URLs)
Suggested bucket policy: grant the IAM user s3:GetObject, s3:PutObject, s3:DeleteObject, and s3:ListBucket

IAM policy example

{
  "Version": "2012-10-17",
  "Statement": [
    {
      "Effect": "Allow",
      "Action": [
        "s3:GetObject",
        "s3:PutObject",
        "s3:DeleteObject",
        "s3:ListBucket"
      ],
      "Resource": [
        "arn:aws:s3:::com-freelawproject-scanning-storage",
        "arn:aws:s3:::com-freelawproject-scanning-storage/*",
        "arn:aws:s3:::com-freelawproject-scanning-private-storage",
        "arn:aws:s3:::com-freelawproject-scanning-private-storage/*"
      ]
    }
  ]
}

Sentry (error tracking, optional)

Variable	Description
`SENTRY_DSN`	Sentry DSN for error reporting. Leave empty to disable

Other optional variables

Variable	Description	Default
`TIMEZONE`	Server timezone	`America/Los_Angeles`
`MEDIA_ROOT`	Local media root (only used when `DEVELOPMENT=True`)	`scanning/assets/media/`
`STATIC_URL`	Static file URL prefix	`static/`
`NUM_WORKERS`	Gunicorn worker count	`4`
`MAX_REQUESTS`	Gunicorn max requests before worker restart	`2500`

Step 2: Build the Docker Image

docker build -t scanning-django -f docker/django/Dockerfile .

The Dockerfile:

Installs Python dependencies via uv
Installs Node dependencies and builds Tailwind CSS
Copies the application code
Runs as www-data user

Step 3: Set Up the Database

Provision a PostgreSQL 16 instance (RDS, self-hosted, etc.) and create the database:

CREATE DATABASE scanning;
CREATE USER scanning_user WITH PASSWORD 'strong-password-here';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON DATABASE scanning TO scanning_user;

Run migrations:

docker run --env-file .env scanning-django migrate

The entrypoint's fallthrough case passes arguments to manage.py, so docker run scanning-django migrate is equivalent to python manage.py migrate.

Create the cache table (used for Django's database-backed cache):

docker run --env-file .env scanning-django createcachetable

Step 4: Collect Static Files

When DEVELOPMENT=False, static files are stored in S3. Run collectstatic to upload them:

docker run --env-file .env scanning-django collectstatic --noinput

This uploads all static files to the static/ prefix of your AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME bucket.

Step 5: Create a Superuser

docker run -it --env-file .env scanning-django createsuperuser

Step 6: Start the Application

docker run -d \
    --name scanning-django \
    --env-file .env \
    -p 8000:8000 \
    scanning-django web-prod

This starts Gunicorn with Uvicorn workers (ASGI). Configuration:

Workers: NUM_WORKERS env var (default: 4)
Timeout: 180 seconds
Max requests: MAX_REQUESTS env var (default: 2500, with 100 jitter)
Bind: 0.0.0.0:8000

Step 7: Reverse Proxy

The application listens on port 8000. Put it behind a reverse proxy (Nginx, Caddy, etc.) for HTTPS termination.

Key production security settings are enabled automatically when DEVELOPMENT=False:

SESSION_COOKIE_SECURE = True
CSRF_COOKIE_SECURE = True
SECURE_PROXY_SSL_HEADER = ("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_PROTO", "https")
HSTS: 2 years, with subdomains and preload

Nginx example:

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    server_name scanning.free.law;

    ssl_certificate     /etc/letsencrypt/live/scanning.free.law/fullchain.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/scanning.free.law/privkey.pem;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
        proxy_set_header Host $host;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        client_max_body_size 100M;
    }
}

Complete `.env` Example for Production

# Django
SECRET_KEY=your-generated-secret-key-here
DEBUG=False
DEVELOPMENT=False
ALLOWED_HOSTS=scanning.free.law

# Database
DB_HOST=your-postgres-host.example.com
DB_NAME=scanning
DB_USER=scanning_user
DB_PASSWORD=your-strong-password
DB_SSL_MODE=require

# S3 (file storage + static files)
AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID=your-access-key
AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY=your-secret-key
AWS_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME=your-bucket-name
AWS_PRIVATE_STORAGE_BUCKET_NAME=your-private-bucket-name

# Sentry (optional)
SENTRY_DSN=https://examplePublicKey@o0.ingest.sentry.io/0

# Workers
NUM_WORKERS=4
MAX_REQUESTS=2500

Key Design Decisions

Single-App Architecture

The project uses a single Django app (scanning/) that also serves as the project package (settings, asgi, wsgi). This avoids unnecessary complexity for a focused, single-purpose application.

Upload Path Structure

Files are organized by reporter and volume: uploads/{reporter}/{volume}/{uuid}.pdf. UUIDs prevent filename collisions while the directory structure keeps things browsable in S3.

Staff Review Workflow

Scans follow a simple status pipeline: uploaded -> processing -> pending_review -> approved -> extracted. Staff can approve (setting processed_at) or reject (resetting to uploaded) from the detail page.

Private File Storage

All uploaded files use private ACL in S3 with 5-minute signed URLs. This ensures scanned documents are only accessible to authenticated users through the application.

Dark Mode

Uses prefers-color-scheme (Tailwind's darkMode: 'media'). No manual toggle; the portal follows the user's OS/browser setting.

No External CDNs

All CSS is built locally via Tailwind. No external network requests for assets.

Running Tests

Tests use Django's TestCase and run against a disposable test database:

# Run the full suite
docker compose -f docker/scanning/docker-compose.yml exec scanning-django \
    python manage.py test scanning.tests -v 2

# Run a specific test class
docker compose -f docker/scanning/docker-compose.yml exec scanning-django \
    python manage.py test scanning.tests.TestScanUpload -v 2

Or locally with uv:

uv run python manage.py test scanning.tests -v 2

Test Coverage

Test Class	Tests	Covers
`TestAuthentication`	5	Login required redirects, login page, login success, open redirect rejection
`TestScanUpload`	4	Form rendering, successful upload, validation, auto-set fields
`TestScanList`	4	All scans visible, filtering by status/reporter, pagination
`TestScanDetail`	4	Detail rendering, review form visibility, cross-user access, 404
`TestStaffReview`	3	Review form, approve sets `processed_at`, reject resets status
`TestScanModel`	1	Upload path format
Total	21

Development

Services

docker compose -f docker/scanning/docker-compose.yml up starts:

Service	Purpose	Port
`scanning-django`	Django dev server with auto-reload	`localhost:8002`
`scanning-postgres`	PostgreSQL 16	`localhost:5434`
`scanning-tailwind`	Tailwind CSS watcher (rebuilds on file changes)	--

Pre-commit Hooks

pip install pre-commit
pre-commit install

Runs ruff (lint + format) and standard checks (large files, merge conflicts, trailing whitespace, etc.) on every commit.

Tailwind CSS

Styles are in scanning/assets/tailwind/input.css using Tailwind's @layer directives. The config is at scanning/assets/tailwind/tailwind.config.js. The scanning-tailwind container watches for changes and rebuilds automatically.

Custom component classes: .btn-primary, .btn-outline, .btn-danger, .btn-ghost, .card, .input-text, .alert-*, .badge-* (status badges).

Management Commands

# Run migrations
docker exec scanning-django python manage.py migrate

# Create the cache table (needed once after initial DB setup)
docker exec scanning-django python manage.py createcachetable

# Create a superuser
docker exec -it scanning-django python manage.py createsuperuser

# Collect static files to S3 (production)
docker exec scanning-django python manage.py collectstatic --noinput

# Open a Django shell
docker exec -it scanning-django python manage.py shell

Deployment Checklist

Quick reference for going to production:

License

AGPL-3.0-only

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 72 Commits
.github		.github
docker		docker
scanning		scanning
.dockerignore		.dockerignore
.editorconfig		.editorconfig
.env.example		.env.example
.gitattributes		.gitattributes
.gitignore		.gitignore
.pre-commit-config.yaml		.pre-commit-config.yaml
CLAUDE.md		CLAUDE.md
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
manage.py		manage.py
package.json		package.json
pyproject.toml		pyproject.toml
uv.lock		uv.lock

Folders and files

Latest commit

History

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FLP Scanning Portal

Quick Start (Development)

Architecture

Stack

Project Structure

Settings Pattern

Data Model

Scan

Reporters

Views

Staff Review Workflow

Production Deployment

Prerequisites

Step 1: Environment Variables

Required variables

AWS S3 (file storage + static files)

S3 bucket configuration

IAM policy example

Sentry (error tracking, optional)

Other optional variables

Step 2: Build the Docker Image

Step 3: Set Up the Database

Step 4: Collect Static Files

Step 5: Create a Superuser

Step 6: Start the Application

Step 7: Reverse Proxy

Complete .env Example for Production

Key Design Decisions

Single-App Architecture

Upload Path Structure

Staff Review Workflow

Private File Storage

Dark Mode

No External CDNs

Running Tests

Test Coverage

Development

Services

Pre-commit Hooks

Tailwind CSS

Management Commands

Deployment Checklist

License

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Complete `.env` Example for Production

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