`ActiveRecordSubscriber` fails even sooner on queries using unnamed binds

[midnightmonster]

Issue Description

ActiveRecordSubscriber is completely broken for us anyway (#2785 ), but sometimes it breaks even faster.

If your query uses an unnamed bind, like Account.where("email = ?", "foo@example.com"), you'll get these errors instead:

Reproduction Steps

1. Install sentry-ruby 6.1 on a Rails 8.0.3 app on MRI (with postgres, or probably almost anything)
2. Configure Sentry.configuration.send_default_pii = true
3. Attempt to run a query with an unnamed bound parameter, e.g., Account.where("email = ?", "foo@example.com").first

Expected Behavior

Sentry logs the query (though very understandable if it couldn't safely provide the bound value)

Actual Behavior

Sentry logs its own failure to log the query

Ruby Version

3.3.2

SDK Version

sentry-rails 6.1.0 (not sure what this is asking)

Integration and Its Version

Rails 8.0.3

Sentry Config

# config/initializers/sentry.rb
Sentry.init do |config|
  config.dsn = ENV["SENTRY_EU_DSN"]
  config.breadcrumbs_logger = [:active_support_logger, :http_logger]

  if ENV["SENTRY_LOGGING_ENABLED"]
    config.enable_logs = true
    config.enabled_patches = [:logger]
    config.rails.structured_logging.enabled = true
    config.send_default_pii = true

    config.rails.structured_logging.subscribers = {
      action_controller: Sentry::Rails::LogSubscribers::ActionControllerSubscriber,
      active_record: Class.new(Sentry::Rails::LogSubscribers::ActiveRecordSubscriber) do
        def sql(event)
          # SolidQueue database queries are too noisy
          return if event.payload[:name]&.starts_with?("SolidQueue::")
          super
        end
      end
    }
  end

  # TODO: If/when `sentry-rails` adds solid_queue or ActiveJob support for not
  # reporting exceptions from retried jobs (as it does for Sidekiq and DelayedJob),
  # use that and stop excluding `CompletedDocument::MissingFolder`
  config.excluded_exceptions += ["CompletedDocument::MissingFolder"]

  config.traces_sample_rate = 1.0
  config.traces_sampler = lambda do |context|
    true
  end

  config.profiles_sample_rate = 1.0

  config.release = ENV.fetch("HEROKU_RELEASE_VERSION", "")
end

[linear]

RUBY-116

[solnic]

Thanks for reporting the issue and I'm sorry it didn't work for you. We run tests only against SQLite and I have to admit it crossed my mind that we need to start running against more db types 😅 I'll take care of this ASAP and we'll push a release Monday/Tuesday.