Basic Components:
- LM2596S DC-DC power supply adapter step down module
- Microcontroller (e.g Arduino Uno)
- Analog Capacitive Soil Moisture Sensor, DC 3.3 to 5V (e.g KeeYees)
- 5V Relay for Arduino
- optional: DC 12V G3/4 normally closed brass electric solenoid valve for water (e.g. FPD-270A)
- optional: DC 12V water pump (800 l/h / heigt 5 m, brushless submersible)
Why most Arduino soil moisture sensors suck (incl. solution)
Soil Data APIs
5 Types Of Soil Sensors
Soil moisture monitoring: a selection guide
Soil moisture sensors—How they work
Water retention curve
soil moisture sensor types:
- resistive
- capacitive
- time-domain reflectometry (TDR)
- frequency domain reflectometry (FDR)
- ion-sensitive, ISFET
- water potential sensors (Ψ): tensiometers, granular matrix sensors
other soil sensors:
- temperatur
- PH
- NPK nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
- salinity