docs(effects): re-land v1 SPEC rule + effect.ml comment (#207 follow-up, Refs #59)

[hyperpolymath]

Why: #207's out-of-band squash-merge took only the code commit; the docs commit (235e161) never reached main. So main still has:

• docs/specs/SPEC.adoc §3.4 showing the retired Exn[Error] and no v1 effect-inference rule
• lib/effect.ml still claiming Throws[E] is "not yet threaded" (false since feat(effects): thread parametric Throws[E] type argument (Refs #59) #204)

Both are stale/lying on main. This re-lands exactly those doc fixes (no code change, gate unchanged).

Out-of-scope residual (unchanged, surfaced not half-swept): SPEC §5.2/§6.5 effect-handler examples still use Exn — deferred handler-design territory, a separate sweep.

Refs #59 (closed — lineage only).

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

[github-actions]

🔍 Hypatia Security Scan

Findings: 44 issues detected

Severity	Count
🔴 Critical	12
🟠 High	21
🟡 Medium	11

⚠️ Action Required: Critical security issues found!

View findings

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