feat(borrow): CFG-join for ExprHandle + ExprTry catch arms (CORE-01 pt3 Slice C-light, Refs #177) by hyperpolymath · Pull Request #358 · hyperpolymath/affinescript

hyperpolymath · 2026-05-25T19:23:43Z

Summary

CORE-01 Phase 3 Slice C-light — CFG-join semantics for ExprHandle handler arms and ExprTry catch arms. Both were previously checked sequentially against a shared state, so moves/borrows from arm i polluted the state seen by arm i+1 — even though only one arm runs at runtime. This PR mirrors the snapshot-restore-merge pattern that ExprMatch already does inline, and factors the merge logic into a merge_arm_results helper that all CFG-join sites can share.

Before (sequential)

fn catch_arm_isolation() -> Unit {
  let y = 100;
  try { 0 } catch {
    0 => drop_int(y),
    1 => drop_int(y),     // ← spurious UseAfterMove: arm 0 polluted state.moved
    _ => ()
  }
}

After (isolated)

Each arm runs against the post-body state independently; the merge takes intersection of borrows and union of moves.

Mechanics

New helper near check_expr in lib/borrow.ml:

val merge_arm_results :
  state -> borrow list -> move_record list ->
  (unit result * borrow list * move_record list) list ->
  unit result

Errors: propagates the first error seen.
Borrows: intersection across arms (branch-local borrows die at arm-block exit anyway; this just formalises the join).
Moves: union across arms, deduplicated against the base — a place is moved post-join if any arm moved it (conservative-sound).

Wired into ExprHandle and ExprTry. ExprMatch's inlined logic is deliberately untouched — same semantics, but PR-scope discipline says don't refactor a stable code path here.

For ExprTry: check_block(body) runs first (its block-local borrows are cleaned at block exit; moves persist). The snapshot is taken after check_block, so catch arms see the body's moves in base_moved. The merge's dedupe-against-base preserves them through the join. finally runs deterministically after the merge.

Tests (E2E Borrow Graph, +2)

Fixture	Direction	Expected
`slice_c_catch_arm_isolation.affine`	positive	Ok — two arms independently move `y`, currently rejected with spurious UseAfterMove
`slice_c_body_move_persists.affine`	anti-regression	UseAfterMove on `read_int(y)` after the body moved `y`, even with a `_ =>` catch arm

Scope of this PR

ExprHandle is implemented in parallel but has no dedicated test fixture — the AffineScript test corpus has no live handle expressions outside the parser's grammar tests, so an end-to-end borrow-graph fixture for it would be the first. The code path is exercised whenever a real handle appears; until then, soundness is by symmetry with ExprTry.

Deferred (Slices C-full / C' / D):

Slice C-full — true Polonius origin/region variables on TyRef/TyMut with subset constraints + datalog-style loan-live-at-point solver. Architectural change to the type system; ADR-gated.
Slice C' — loop soundness via a 2-iteration check on StmtWhile/StmtFor. Coupled to a StmtAssign clear-on-rewrite fix (assignment is currently treated as a read of LHS, so the naive 2-iter spuriously fails on legitimate re-assignment loops).
Ref-to-ref binding — r = some_other_ref_var (RHS not a direct &place) still leaves the ref-binding stale. Symmetric let/assign limitation.
Slice D — tighter quantity-checker integration for captured linears.

Docs

STATE.a2ml borrow-checker → phase-3-parts-1-3-Slices-A-B-C-light-landed
CAPABILITY-MATRIX.adoc borrow-checker row records Slice C-light
TECH-DEBT-alt.adoc CORE-01 row narrows residual to C-full / C' / D + ref-to-ref binding

Test plan

CI build (opam exec -- dune build) green
CI Run tests (opam exec -- dune runtest) — E2E Borrow Graph count +2
Existing try_catch_* / try_finally fixtures (single-arm Int expressions, no move/borrow) untouched

Local-build caveat: container has no OCaml toolchain; CI is the source of truth.

Refs #177

Generated by Claude Code

github-actions · 2026-05-25T19:24:31Z

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github-actions · 2026-05-25T22:46:00Z

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github-actions · 2026-05-25T23:38:04Z

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…t3 Slice C-light, Refs #177) Until now, `ExprHandle` handler arms and `ExprTry` catch arms were checked *sequentially* against a shared state — so moves and borrows from arm i polluted the state seen by arm i+1, even though only one arm runs at runtime. This produced spurious UseAfterMove on the second of two catch arms that independently move the same value, etc. Slice C-light closes this for handlers and try/catch by mirroring the snapshot-restore-merge pattern that `ExprMatch` already does inline. The merge logic — intersection-on-borrows, union-on- moves, first-error propagation, dedupe against the base — is now factored into a single helper, `merge_arm_results`, so all CFG- join sites agree on "what state survives the join": - Errors: propagate the first error seen, left-to-right. - Borrows: intersection across arms (a borrow survives the join only if it survived every arm; branch-local borrows naturally die at arm exit via `check_block`'s borrows_at_entry restore). - Moves: union across arms, deduplicated against the base — a place is reported as moved post-join if any arm moved it (conservative-sound). `ExprMatch`'s inlined logic is *deliberately left untouched* — same semantics as the new helper, but its tests have been stable since PR #240; refactoring it would add risk without ergonomic upside on this PR. A future cleanup can converge them. ExprHandle (`handle body { return(_) => ..., op(p1, p2) => ... }`): mutually exclusive continuations dispatched on whether the body returned normally or performed an effect-op. Body runs against the current state, then each arm runs against the post-body state independently via the helper. ExprTry (`try { body } catch { p => arm; ... } finally { ... }`): body runs first via `check_block` (so its block-local borrows are cleaned at block exit; its moves persist). The snapshot is taken *after* check_block — so the catch arms run against a state that already includes the body's moves (conservatively assuming body might have moved before throwing). Catch arms merge via the helper; `finally` then runs deterministically against the merged post-catch state. Tests (E2E Borrow Graph, +2): - `slice_c_catch_arm_isolation.affine` (positive): three catch arms, two of which independently `drop_int(y)`. Pre-Slice-C this was rejected — arm 2's `drop_int(y)` saw arm 1's move and fired UseAfterMove. Post-Slice-C every arm starts from the post-body state and succeeds independently. - `slice_c_body_move_persists.affine` (anti-regression): the try-body moves `y`; the catch arm matches `_` and ignores `y`; after the `try`, a `read_int(y)` must still fail UseAfterMove because the body might have moved before throwing. This pins that the helper's dedupe-against-base correctly preserves body-side moves through the merge. The current `state.moved` propagation does this for free (the snapshot *captures* body's moves into base_moved, and the merge sets `state.moved <- base_moved @ unique_new`), but the test pins the invariant so a future refactor cannot drop it. ExprHandle is implemented in parallel but has no dedicated test fixture: the AffineScript test corpus has no live `handle` expressions outside the parser's own grammar tests, so an end-to-end borrow-graph fixture for it would be the first. The code path is exercised whenever a real `handle` appears; until then, soundness is by symmetry-with-ExprTry. Anti-regression sweep: all existing borrow / linear-arrow / quantity fixtures audited. The `try_catch_*` and `try_finally` fixtures already in the gate (e/Try semantics smoke tests) are single-arm and don't touch moves, so they go through the new path unchanged. Move-or-borrow scenarios crossing `ExprHandle`/ `ExprTry` are net-new fixtures here. Docs updated: - `STATE.a2ml` borrow-checker → "phase-3-parts-1-3-Slices-A-B-C-light-landed" - `CAPABILITY-MATRIX.adoc` borrow-checker row records Slice C-light - `TECH-DEBT-alt.adoc` CORE-01 row narrows residual to C-full (origin variables, ADR-gated), C' (loop soundness), D (quantity integration), plus ref-to-ref binding. NOTE: container has no OCaml toolchain; `dune build` / `dune runtest` not run locally. CI is the source of truth. Mechanically scoped to two arms of `check_expr` plus one new helper.

github-actions · 2026-05-25T23:46:29Z

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hyperpolymath force-pushed the claude/bold-brahmagupta-0T7Bh branch from 31397e1 to 9ff097f Compare May 25, 2026 22:44

hyperpolymath enabled auto-merge (squash) May 25, 2026 22:46

hyperpolymath force-pushed the claude/bold-brahmagupta-0T7Bh branch from 9ff097f to 56a251b Compare May 25, 2026 23:36

hyperpolymath force-pushed the claude/bold-brahmagupta-0T7Bh branch from 56a251b to 770be85 Compare May 25, 2026 23:45

hyperpolymath merged commit 4b83c1a into main May 25, 2026
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hyperpolymath deleted the claude/bold-brahmagupta-0T7Bh branch May 25, 2026 23:45

hyperpolymath mentioned this pull request May 26, 2026

docs(tidy): T-3 — audit + plan + minimal .well-known/{ai,humans}.txt #368

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feat(borrow): CFG-join for ExprHandle + ExprTry catch arms (CORE-01 pt3 Slice C-light, Refs #177)#358

feat(borrow): CFG-join for ExprHandle + ExprTry catch arms (CORE-01 pt3 Slice C-light, Refs #177)#358
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hyperpolymath commented May 25, 2026

Summary

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