SWAT - Satellite based Water Analysis and Tracking

A complete IoT solution for real-time water tanker fleet monitoring, featuring GPS tracking, water level monitoring, tamper detection, and automated alerts.

📺 Demo & Simulation

• Video Demo: Watch the system in action: SWAT Demo on YouTube
• Hardware Simulation: Try the hardware simulation: Wokwi Simulator

🎯 Overview

SWAT is an end-to-end water tanker monitoring system that combines hardware sensors with a modern web dashboard to provide real-time visibility into your water tanker fleet. The system tracks GPS location, monitors water levels using ultrasonic sensors, detects tampering, and sends automated email alerts.

Key Capabilities

• Real-time GPS Tracking: Monitor the location of all tankers on an interactive map
• Water Level Monitoring: Track water levels with ultrasonic sensors
• Tamper Detection: Automated detection of suspicious water level drops
• Email Alerts: Instant notifications for critical events
• Fleet Dashboard: Comprehensive overview of all tankers and their status
• Historical Data: Charts and logs for analysis and reporting

🏗️ Project Structure

SWAT/
├── Hardware/           # Arduino/ESP32 firmware and sensor code
│   ├── altsoftserialcode.c
│   ├── gcorrectlocation.c
│   └── gpslocationloop.c
│
└── Software/          # Next.js web dashboard
    ├── app/           # Next.js app router pages
    ├── components/    # React components
    ├── lib/           # Utilities and services
    └── public/        # Static assets

🔧 Hardware Components

Required Components per Tanker

• Microcontroller: ESP32 or Arduino with WiFi/GSM module
• GPS Module: NEO-6M or similar for location tracking
• Ultrasonic Sensor: HC-SR04 or JSN-SR04T for water level measurement
• Power Supply: 12V battery or vehicle power adapter
• Enclosure: Waterproof housing for electronics

Hardware Setup

1. GPS Module: Connect to serial pins for location data
2. Ultrasonic Sensor: Mount at the top of the water tank
   • Trigger pin → GPIO pin
   • Echo pin → GPIO pin
   • VCC → 5V
   • GND → Ground
3. ESP32/Arduino: Program with the firmware from /Hardware directory
4. Power: Connect to stable 12V power source

Wiring Diagram

ESP32/Arduino
├── GPS Module (TX/RX)
├── Ultrasonic Sensor (Trig/Echo)
├── Power (12V → 5V regulator)
└── WiFi/GSM Module (if separate)

💻 Software Dashboard

Technology Stack

• Frontend: Next.js 15, React 19, TypeScript
• Styling: Tailwind CSS 4, shadcn/ui components
• Maps: Google Maps API
• Charts: Recharts
• Real-time: MQTT (HiveMQ), Server-Sent Events
• Email: Resend API
• State Management: SWR

Features

Dashboard Overview

• Fleet statistics (total, active, inactive tankers)
• Average water level across fleet
• Low and critical level alerts
• Search and filter functionality

Real-time Monitoring

• Live GPS tracking on interactive map
• Water level gauges and charts
• Color-coded status indicators
• Automatic updates without page refresh

Tamper Detection

• Multi-tanker tamper monitoring
• Suspicious water level drop detection
• Automated email alerts
• Event logging and history

Individual Tanker View

• Detailed tanker information
• Location map with path history
• Water level history chart
• Sensor data and status

🚀 Getting Started

Prerequisites

• Node.js 18 or higher
• npm or yarn
• Google Maps API key
• MQTT broker (HiveMQ Cloud account)
• Resend API key (for email alerts)
• Arduino IDE or PlatformIO (for hardware)

Installation

1. Clone the Repository

git clone <repository-url>
cd SWAT

2. Hardware Setup

cd Hardware
# Open .c files in Arduino IDE
# Configure WiFi credentials and MQTT broker details
# Upload to ESP32/Arduino

3. Software Setup

cd Software
npm install

4. Configure Environment Variables

Create Software/.env:

# MQTT Broker
HIVEMQ_HOST=your-broker.hivemq.cloud
HIVEMQ_PORT=8883
HIVEMQ_USERNAME=your-username
HIVEMQ_PASSWORD=your-password

# Google Maps
NEXT_PUBLIC_GOOGLE_MAPS_API_KEY=your-api-key

# Tanker Configuration
NEXT_PUBLIC_TANKER_DEPTH_CM=200

# Email Alerts
RESEND_API_KEY=your-resend-api-key
ALERT_EMAIL=your-email@example.com

# Tamper Detection
TAMPER_TIMEOUT_MS=60000

5. Run the Dashboard

cd Software
npm run dev

Open http://localhost:3000

📡 MQTT Communication

Topic Structure

Each tanker publishes to two topics:

{TANKER_ID}/gps        → GPS coordinates
{TANKER_ID}/distance   → Ultrasonic sensor reading (cm)

Message Formats

GPS Topic (T001/gps):

{
  "lat": 12.9716,
  "lon": 77.5946
}

Distance Topic (T001/distance):

68.5

Example Hardware Code

#include <WiFi.h>
#include <PubSubClient.h>

const char* TANKER_ID = "T001";
const char* WIFI_SSID = "your-wifi";
const char* WIFI_PASSWORD = "your-password";
const char* MQTT_SERVER = "broker.hivemq.cloud";
const int MQTT_PORT = 8883;

WiFiClient espClient;
PubSubClient client(espClient);

void publishGPS(float lat, float lon) {
  String topic = String(TANKER_ID) + "/gps";
  String payload = "{\"lat\":" + String(lat, 6) + 
                   ",\"lon\":" + String(lon, 6) + "}";
  client.publish(topic.c_str(), payload.c_str());
}

void publishDistance(float distance) {
  String topic = String(TANKER_ID) + "/distance";
  String payload = String(distance);
  client.publish(topic.c_str(), payload.c_str());
}

🧪 Testing

Test with MQTT Client

# Test GPS data
mosquitto_pub -h your-broker.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 \
  -u username -P password --capath /etc/ssl/certs/ \
  -t "T001/gps" -m '{"lat":12.9716,"lon":77.5946}'

# Test distance data
mosquitto_pub -h your-broker.hivemq.cloud -p 8883 \
  -u username -P password --capath /etc/ssl/certs/ \
  -t "T001/distance" -m "68.5"

Add Multiple Tankers

Simply change the tanker ID and publish to new topics:

• T002/gps and T002/distance
• T003/gps and T003/distance
• etc.

📊 Water Level Calculation

Water Level (cm) = Tank Depth - Sensor Distance
Percentage = (Water Level / Tank Depth) × 100

Status Thresholds

Status	Range	Color
Full	75-100%	🟢 Green
Good	50-75%	🔵 Blue
Low	25-50%	🟠 Orange
Critical	0-25%	🔴 Red

🔔 Alert System

Tamper Detection

The system monitors for:

• Rapid water level drops
• Unusual patterns in sensor data
• Disconnected sensors

Email Notifications

Automated emails are sent for:

• Tamper detection events
• Critical water levels (< 25%)
• Sensor disconnections
• System errors

View all alerts in the Email Logs section of the dashboard.

📱 API Endpoints

• GET /api/stream - Real-time data stream (SSE)
• GET /api/tamper-status - Current tamper detection status
• GET /api/email-logs - Email notification history

🚢 Deployment

Software Dashboard

Hardware Deployment

1. Flash firmware to each ESP32/Arduino
2. Configure unique tanker IDs (T001, T002, etc.)
3. Mount sensors in water tanks
4. Connect to power supply
5. Verify MQTT connection and data transmission

🛠️ Troubleshooting

Hardware Issues

GPS not getting fix:

• Ensure clear view of sky
• Wait 2-5 minutes for initial fix
• Check antenna connection

Ultrasonic sensor not reading:

• Verify wiring connections
• Check power supply (5V)
• Ensure sensor is mounted correctly

MQTT not connecting:

• Verify WiFi credentials
• Check broker URL and port
• Confirm SSL/TLS settings

Software Issues

Dashboard not showing data:

• Check MQTT broker connection
• Verify topic names match pattern
• Inspect browser console for errors

Map not loading:

• Verify Google Maps API key
• Enable Maps JavaScript API
• Check API quotas

Email alerts not working:

• Confirm Resend API key is valid
• Check email address configuration
• Review email logs for errors

📖 Documentation

• Software README - Detailed dashboard documentation
• Multi-Tanker Setup Guide - Implementation guide

🤝 Contributing

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch (git checkout -b feature/amazing-feature)
3. Commit your changes (git commit -m 'Add amazing feature')
4. Push to the branch (git push origin feature/amazing-feature)
5. Open a Pull Request

📄 License

This project is private and proprietary.

🙏 Acknowledgments

• Next.js - React framework
• shadcn/ui - UI component library
• Google Maps Platform - Mapping services
• HiveMQ Cloud - MQTT broker
• Resend - Email service
• Recharts - Charting library

📧 Support

For issues, questions, or feature requests, please open an issue in the repository.

🎥 Demo & Resources

• Video Demo: https://youtu.be/Gl9nbqIaxvQ
• Hardware Simulation: https://wokwi.com/projects/444181553182324737

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Built with ❤️ for efficient water management