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Add a more pleasant cedilla form, hand-tweaked from XKCD 2034, add the second epsilon form, and tonic greek combinations #77

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pelson merged 2 commits into from
Apr 28, 2026
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Add a more pleasant cedilla form, hand-tweaked from XKCD 2034, add the second epsilon form, and tonic greek combinations #77

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Add a more pleasant cedilla form, hand-tweaked from XKCD 2034
pelson Apr 27, 2026
7741cdb
Add a lunat epsilon from XKCD 2034 (Equations), a below GPOS lookup t…
pelson Apr 27, 2026
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Binary file modified xkcd-script/font/xkcd-script.otf
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2,511 changes: 1,565 additions & 946 deletions xkcd-script/font/xkcd-script.sfd
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4 changes: 3 additions & 1 deletion xkcd-script/generator/pt4_additional_sources.py
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ def extract_symbol(arr, y0, y1, x0, x1, name, exclude=None):
'delta': ( 256, 304, 80, 136), # δ U+03B4
'theta': ( 334, 372, 80, 136), # θ U+03B8
'phi': ( 370, 440, 80, 136), # φ U+03C6 (y1 extended: clips on bottom)
'epsilon': ( 450, 476, 80, 136), # ε U+03B5
'lunate_epsilon': ( 450, 476, 80, 136), # ϵ U+03F5
'upsilon': ( 500, 534, 35, 86), # υ U+03C5 (left half of ν/υ pair row; x1 tightened: comma at col 87)
'nu': ( 500, 534, 88, 120), # ν U+03BD (right half of ν/υ pair row)
'mu': ( 562, 608, 65, 136), # μ U+03BC (x0 extended: clips on left)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -159,6 +159,8 @@ def extract_symbol(arr, y0, y1, x0, x1, name, exclude=None):
('tau', '2520_symbols_2x__tau'), # τ U+03C4 source
('varsigma', '2586_greek_letters_2x__sigma'), # ς U+03C2 source
('AElig', '2763_linguistics_gossip_2x__AE'), # Æ U+00C6 source
('cedilla', '2034_equations_2x__cedilla.hand-tweaked'), # hook cedilla mark source
('epsilon', '2034_equations_2x__epsilon'), # ε U+03B5 source
]

print('Extracting hand-drawn extras...')
Expand Down
17 changes: 15 additions & 2 deletions xkcd-script/generator/pt5_svg_to_font.py
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Expand Up @@ -402,6 +402,7 @@ def _import_comic_glyph(font, name, svg_path, target_top, weight_delta=0):
('delta', 0x03B4, 'b', True),
('theta', 0x03B8, 'b', True),
('phi', 0x03C6, 'a', True),
('lunate_epsilon', 0x03F5, 'a', True),
('epsilon', 0x03B5, 'a', True),
('upsilon', 0x03C5, 'a', True),
('nu', 0x03BD, 'a', True),
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -446,14 +447,15 @@ def _import_comic_glyph(font, name, svg_path, target_top, weight_delta=0):
# _scan_stroke_width measures bar *lengths* rather than stroke thickness,
# producing a grossly over-estimated value and a large negative delta that
# massively thins the letter. Skip stroke normalisation for these.
_GREEK_NO_STROKE_NORM = {'epsilon', 'Xi', 'Sigma'}
_GREEK_NO_STROKE_NORM = {'epsilon', 'lunate_epsilon', 'Xi', 'Sigma'}

# Per-letter changeWeight nudge applied after all positioning and stroke
# normalisation. Positive = thicker, negative = thinner.
_GREEK_WEIGHT_NUDGE = {
'Sigma': 15,
'mu': 15,
'epsilon': 15,
'lunate_epsilon': 15,
'epsilon': 20,
'psi': -15,
'lambda': 10,
}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -523,6 +525,17 @@ def _import_comic_glyph(font, name, svg_path, target_top, weight_delta=0):
_ch.width = _g.width


# ¸ U+00B8 CEDILLA — hand-drawn hook shape from extras/cedilla.png.
_cedilla_svg = os.path.join(_COMIC_CHARS_DIR, 'cedilla.svg')
_cedilla_src = _import_comic_glyph(font, 'cedilla', _cedilla_svg,
target_top=font['comma'].boundingBox()[3])
_ch = font.createMappedChar(0x00B8)
_ch.clear()
for c in _cedilla_src.foreground:
_ch.foreground += c
_ch.width = _cedilla_src.width


# ß (U+00DF) and ẞ (U+1E9E) — hand-drawn source from extras/eszett.png.
# The same SVG is imported twice at different scales for the two case forms.
_eszett_svg = os.path.join(_COMIC_CHARS_DIR, 'eszett.svg')
Expand Down
118 changes: 103 additions & 15 deletions xkcd-script/generator/pt6_derived_chars.py
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Expand Up @@ -130,45 +130,49 @@ def _make_dstroke(font, cp, base_name, gap=5, dy_offset=0, width_extra=0):
return c


def _place_below(font, base_name, mark_name, gap=10):
"""Compute translation to place mark centered below base."""
def _place_below(font, base_name, mark_name, y_adj=10, x_adj=0):
"""Compute translation to place mark below base.

y_adj: positive = more space (mark lower), negative = closer/overlapping.
x_adj: positive shifts mark right, negative shifts left.
"""
base_bb = font[base_name].boundingBox()
mark_bb = font[mark_name].boundingBox()
base_cx = (base_bb[0] + base_bb[2]) / 2
mark_cx = (mark_bb[0] + mark_bb[2]) / 2
dx = base_cx - mark_cx
dy = base_bb[1] - gap - mark_bb[3]
dx = base_cx - mark_cx + x_adj
dy = base_bb[1] - y_adj - mark_bb[3]
return psMat.translate(dx, dy)


def _make_cedilla(font, cp, base_name, gap=8):
def _make_cedilla(font, cp, base_name, y_adj=8, mark='comma', x_adj=0):
if cp in _SKIP_CPS:
return
c = font.createMappedChar(cp)
c.clear()
c.addReference(base_name)
c.width = font[base_name].width
c.addReference('comma', _place_below(font, base_name, 'comma', gap))
c.addReference(base_name)
c.addReference(mark, _place_below(font, base_name, mark, y_adj, x_adj))


def _make_macron_below(font, cp, base_name, gap=15):
def _make_macron_below(font, cp, base_name, y_adj=15):
if cp in _SKIP_CPS:
return
c = font.createMappedChar(cp)
c.clear()
c.addReference(base_name)
c.width = font[base_name].width
c.addReference('_macron_below_mark', _place_below(font, base_name, '_macron_below_mark', gap))
c.addReference('_macron_below_mark', _place_below(font, base_name, '_macron_below_mark', y_adj))


def _make_dot_below(font, cp, base_name, gap=15):
def _make_dot_below(font, cp, base_name, y_adj=15):
if cp in _SKIP_CPS:
return
c = font.createMappedChar(cp)
c.clear()
c.addReference(base_name)
c.width = font[base_name].width
c.addReference('_dot_below_mark', _place_below(font, base_name, '_dot_below_mark', gap))
c.addReference('_dot_below_mark', _place_below(font, base_name, '_dot_below_mark', y_adj))


def _make_ogonek(font, cp, base_name):
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -268,6 +272,16 @@ def _accented(cp, base_name, mark_name, gap=20, x_adj=0):
_macron_below_mark.changeWeight(20)


# Hook cedilla: hand-drawn mark from the 2034 equations comic (extras/cedilla).
# Used for French/Turkish/Cameroonian characters (ç ş ţ); the comma-based cedilla
# is kept for Latvian (ģ ķ ļ ņ ŗ) where that shape is traditional.
_hook_cedilla_mark = make_mark(font, '_hook_cedilla_mark',
list(font['cedilla'].foreground))
_hook_cedilla_mark.changeWeight(30)
_hook_cedilla_mark.correctDirection()
_hook_cedilla_mark.removeOverlap()
_hook_cedilla_mark.transform(psMat.scale(1.2))

# Macron: topmost stroke from Ē, with weight correction.
_macron_mark = make_mark(font, '_macron_mark', extract_top_contours(font, 0x0112, 1))
_macron_mark.changeWeight(20)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -398,6 +412,13 @@ def _accented(cp, base_name, mark_name, gap=20, x_adj=0):
_c0320.addReference('_macron_below_mark', psMat.translate(0, _descender_bottom // 2 - _combining_gap - _mb_bb[3]))
_c0320.width = 0

# U+0327 ◌̧ COMBINING CEDILLA — hook cedilla shape, positioned below descender.
_hc_bb = font['_hook_cedilla_mark'].boundingBox()
_c0327 = font.createMappedChar(0x0327)
_c0327.clear()
_c0327.addReference('_hook_cedilla_mark', psMat.translate(0, _descender_bottom - _combining_gap - _hc_bb[3]))
_c0327.width = 0


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Accented character tables
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -707,10 +728,22 @@ def _make_eng(font, cp, base_name, comma_name, x_frac=0.88, x_offset=0, y_offset
]:
_accented(cp, base, '_double_acute_mark')

# Cedilla: Ç Ş Ţ Ģ Ķ Ļ Ņ Ŗ / ç ş ţ ģ ķ ļ ņ ŗ
# Hook cedilla: Ç Ş Ţ / ç ş ţ — French/Turkish/Cameroonian
# C/c/S/s: curved base bottom leaves visual space — pull cedilla up to close the gap
_make_cedilla(font, 0x00C7, 'C', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-15) # Ç
_make_cedilla(font, 0x00E7, 'c', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-15) # ç
_make_cedilla(font, 0x015E, 'S', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-15) # Ş
_make_cedilla(font, 0x015F, 's', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-15) # ş
_make_cedilla(font, 0x0162, 'T', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-10, x_adj=-37) # Ţ
_make_cedilla(font, 0x0163, 't', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-15, x_adj=40) # ţ
# Ȩ/ȩ U+0228/U+0229 — E with cedilla (Cameroonian)
_make_cedilla(font, 0x0228, 'E', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-25) # Ȩ
_make_cedilla(font, 0x0229, 'e', mark='_hook_cedilla_mark', y_adj=-15) # ȩ

# Comma cedilla: Ģ Ķ Ļ Ņ Ŗ / ģ ķ ļ ņ ŗ — Latvian
for cp, base in [
(0x00C7, 'C'), (0x015E, 'S'), (0x0162, 'T'), (0x0122, 'G'), (0x0136, 'K'), (0x013B, 'L'), (0x0145, 'N'), (0x0156, 'R'),
(0x00E7, 'c'), (0x015F, 's'), (0x0163, 't'), (0x0123, 'g'), (0x0137, 'k'), (0x013C, 'l'), (0x0146, 'n'), (0x0157, 'r'),
(0x0122, 'G'), (0x0136, 'K'), (0x013B, 'L'), (0x0145, 'N'), (0x0156, 'R'),
(0x0123, 'g'), (0x0137, 'k'), (0x013C, 'l'), (0x0146, 'n'), (0x0157, 'r'),
]:
_make_cedilla(font, cp, base)

Expand Down Expand Up @@ -750,7 +783,7 @@ def _make_eng(font, cp, base_name, comma_name, x_frac=0.88, x_offset=0, y_offset
(0x1E0F, 'd'), (0x1E3B, 'l'), (0x1E49, 'n'), (0x1E6F, 't'), (0x1E95, 'z'),
]:
_make_macron_below(font, cp, base)
_make_macron_below(font, 0x1E5F, 'r', gap=45) # ṟ — r sits low, needs extra gap
_make_macron_below(font, 0x1E5F, 'r', y_adj=45) # ṟ — r sits low, needs extra gap

# ij U+0133 / IJ U+0132: Dutch IJ digraph ligatures.
# Position so the ink edges have the same gap as adjacent letters would after kerning (~40 units).
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -814,9 +847,40 @@ def _make_eng(font, cp, base_name, comma_name, x_frac=0.88, x_offset=0, y_offset
_g.addReference(_name)
_g.width = font[_name].width

# ɛ U+025B LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN E — same letterform as Greek ε, 20% larger but
# stroke-weight corrected back to match (scaling thickens strokes proportionally).
_eps = font[0x03B5]
_g = font.createMappedChar(0x025B)
_g.clear()
_layer = fontforge.layer()
for _c in _eps.foreground:
_layer += _c
_g.foreground = _layer
_g.transform(psMat.scale(1.2))
_g.correctDirection()
_g.removeOverlap()
_g.changeWeight(-15)
_bb = _g.boundingBox()
_g.width = int(round(_bb[2] + 20))

# Greek uppercase derived by scaling the corresponding lowercase to capital height.
_cap_height = font['A'].boundingBox()[3]

# Ɛ U+0190 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER OPEN E — ɛ (U+025B) scaled to capital height.
_eps_lc_bb = font[0x025B].boundingBox()
_g = font.createMappedChar(0x0190)
_g.clear()
_layer = fontforge.layer()
for _c in font[0x025B].foreground:
_layer += _c
_g.foreground = _layer
_g.transform(psMat.scale(_cap_height / _eps_lc_bb[3]))
_g.correctDirection()
_g.removeOverlap()
_g.changeWeight(-20)
_bb = _g.boundingBox()
_g.width = int(round(_bb[2] + 20))


def _greek_lc_to_uc(font, lc_cp, uc_cp, snap=True, weight_delta=0):
"""Copy a Greek lowercase glyph and scale it to capital height.
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -893,6 +957,30 @@ def _greek_lc_to_uc(font, lc_cp, uc_cp, snap=True, weight_delta=0):
_g.width = font['n'].width


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Greek monotonic accented forms (tonos = acute accent)
# Lowercase bases that have their own hand-drawn glyphs use those glyph names.
# Bases aliased to Latin letters reference the Latin glyph directly to avoid
# chained composites (Alpha → A → A).
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

_make_accented(font, 0x03AC, 'alpha', '_acute_mark') # ά
_make_accented(font, 0x03AD, 'epsilon', '_acute_mark') # έ
_make_accented(font, 0x03AE, 'eta', '_acute_mark') # ή
_make_accented(font, 0x03AF, 'dotlessi', '_acute_mark') # ί (dotless — iota has no dot)
_make_accented(font, 0x03CC, 'o', '_acute_mark') # ό (o for omicron)
_make_accented(font, 0x03CD, 'upsilon', '_acute_mark') # ύ
_make_accented(font, 0x03CE, 'omega', '_acute_mark') # ώ

_make_accented(font, 0x0386, 'A', '_acute_mark') # Ά
_make_accented(font, 0x0388, 'E', '_acute_mark') # Έ
_make_accented(font, 0x0389, 'H', '_acute_mark') # Ή
_make_accented(font, 0x038A, 'I', '_acute_mark') # Ί
_make_accented(font, 0x038C, 'O', '_acute_mark') # Ό
_make_accented(font, 0x038E, 'Y', '_acute_mark') # Ύ
_make_accented(font, 0x038F, font[0x03A9].glyphname, '_acute_mark') # Ώ


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Save
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expand Down
25 changes: 25 additions & 0 deletions xkcd-script/generator/pt7_font_properties.py
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Expand Up @@ -184,6 +184,31 @@ def expand(chars, left_side):
glyph.addAnchorPoint('above', 'base', cx, bb[3] + _BASE_GAP)


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Mark-to-base GPOS: position combining cedilla below base glyphs
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------

font.addLookup('below', 'gpos_mark2base', (), [['mark', [['latn', ['dflt']]]]])
font.addLookupSubtable('below', 'below_sub')
font.addAnchorClass('below_sub', 'below')

# Mark anchor at top-centre of the combining cedilla glyph.
_c0327 = font[0x0327]
_c0327_bb = _c0327.boundingBox()
_c0327.addAnchorPoint('below', 'mark', (_c0327_bb[0] + _c0327_bb[2]) / 2, _c0327_bb[3])

# Base anchors at bottom-centre of ɛ and Ɛ, pulled up by 15 units to match the
# y_adj=-15 overlap used in the precomposed cedilla glyphs (avoids a rendering gap).
_BELOW_BASES = {0x025B, 0x0190} # ɛ Ɛ
for glyph in font.glyphs():
if glyph.unicode not in _BELOW_BASES:
continue
bb = glyph.boundingBox()
if bb[2] <= bb[0]:
continue
glyph.addAnchorPoint('below', 'base', (bb[0] + bb[2]) / 2, bb[1] + 15)


# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CFF hinting zones and OS/2 metrics
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Expand Down
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