ESP32 Access Control System

A complete access control solution using ESP32 and Arduino platforms to manage secure entry via multiple authentication methods.

Features

• Multi-factor Authentication:

  • NFC card scanning
  • Fingerprint recognition
  • Motion detection

• Security Monitoring:

  • Photo capture on access attempts
  • Comprehensive logging system
  • Real-time notifications

• Web Interface:

  • User-friendly dashboard
  • Credential management
  • Access logs and reporting

System Architecture

The system consists of three main components:

1. ESP32-CAM: Core controller that handles:

   • Camera functionality for security photos
   • WiFi connectivity
   • API communication with backend

2. Arduino Controller: Manages physical peripherals including:

   • NFC card reading and verification
   • Bluetooth device detection
   • Fingerprint registration and verification
   • Door lock control

3. Backend Server: Provides administration and data persistence:

   • Web interface for system management
   • Database for users and access logs
   • API endpoints for device communication

Hardware Requirements

• ESP32-CAM module
• Arduino (Uno/Nano/Mega)
• RFID-RC522 NFC reader
• R503 Fingerprint sensor
• Door lock relay mechanism
• Status LEDs
• Power supply

Hardware Setup

Component Connections

Wiring Diagram

Arduino     NFC Reader (MFRC522)
----------------------------
3.3V    <-> 3.3V
GND     <-> GND
D10     <-> SDA/SS
D13     <-> SCK
D12     <-> MISO
D11     <-> MOSI
D9      <-> RST

Arduino     Fingerprint Sensor
----------------------------
5V      <-> VCC
GND     <-> GND
D2 (RX) <-> TX
D3 (TX) <-> RX

ESP32     Door Control
-----------------------
GPIO26 <-> Relay for lock
GPIO27 <-> Door status sensor
GPIO13 <-> Access LED (green)
GPIO12 <-> Deny LED (red)

Quick Start Guide

Server Setup

1. Clone the repository

   git clone 'https://github.com/Josanchdev/RingDoor.git'
   cd RingDoor

2. Install and start the server

   ./setup.sh
   ./start.sh

3. Access the web interface at http://localhost:3000

4. Login with the default credentials

   Username: admin
   Password: esp32admin
   

Hardware Setup

1. Connect components according to the wiring diagram above

2. Configure the ESP32 with your network settings:

   // WiFi Credentials
   const char* ssid = "YOUR_WIFI_SSID";
   const char* password = "YOUR_WIFI_PASSWORD";
   
   // Server details
   const char* apiBaseUrl = "http://YOUR_SERVER_IP:3000";

3. Upload the Arduino code:

   • Upload arduino/main.ino to your Arduino board
   • Upload esp32/main.ino to your ESP32-CAM

4. Power up the system and verify connectivity

Required Libraries

• SPI
• MFRC522 (for NFC reading)
• ArduinoJson
• WiFi
• Adafruit Fingerprint Sensor
• SSD1306 (for OLED display)
• ESP32Servo

Usage

Registering NFC Cards

1. Present a new card to the reader
2. The system will capture the UID
3. Approve via web interface
4. Assign a user name and access permissions

Registering Fingerprints

1. Present an authorized NFC card
2. Follow the OLED display instructions to scan fingerprint twice
3. The system will confirm successful registration

Accessing the Secured Area

Present either:

• An authorized NFC card
• A registered fingerprint
• Have an authorized Bluetooth device in range

The system will authenticate, log the access attempt with photo, and unlock the door if authorized.

Project Structure

├── arduino/               # Arduino controller code
│   ├── main.ino           # Main Arduino sketch
│   └── clear-fingerprints.ino # Utility for sensor maintenance
├── esp32/                 # ESP32-CAM code
│   └── main.ino           # Main ESP32 sketch
├── backend/               # Node.js server
│   ├── server.js          # API implementation
│   └── data/              # Data persistence
└── frontend/              # Web interface
    ├── index.html         # Dashboard
    ├── login.html         # Authentication
    └── script.js          # Frontend logic

Troubleshooting

• ESP32 Not Connecting: Check WiFi credentials
• NFC Reader Not Working: Verify wiring connections to the RC522 module
• Server Not Responding: Make sure the server is running and the ESP32 is using the correct IP address
• Access Problems: Check the serial output for debugging information

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

Acknowledgments

This project was developed by:

• Joaquin
• Jorge
• Sergio

Screenshots

Dashboard

The main control interface provides an at-a-glance view of system status, including:

• Current date and time
• Connected ESP32 devices count
• Access activity summary
• Real-time system metrics

User Access Management

The user management interface allows administrators to:

• View all registered users and their fingerprint IDs
• Monitor registration dates for each user
• Modify user names as needed
• Delete users from the system

Security Logging

The security log system provides:

• Comprehensive audit trails of all access attempts
• Color-coded severity indicators
• Timestamp and user information
• Filtering and search capabilities