Provide runtime enclosing instance types to ResourceLocksProviders

[marcphilipp]

Resolves #4163.

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Definition of Done

• There are no TODOs left in the code
• Method preconditions are checked and documented in the method's Javadoc
• Coding conventions (e.g. for logging) have been followed
• Change is covered by automated tests including corner cases, errors, and exception handling
• Public API has Javadoc and @API annotations
• Change is documented in the User Guide and Release Notes

[sbrannen]

Since this one is similar to #4266, I did not review this one as thoroughly.

Though, I did make a few suggestions for minor polishing.

The implementation looks pretty solid (and again, similar to #4266). Plus the tests look good.

So, I'll leave it up to your judgment for whether it's "good to go".

[sbrannen]

Thanks for making the previous changes!

I've requested two minor Javadoc changes.