fix(references): bound doc ref parsing

[HarryVu176]

Description

• Replaced greedy doc reference matching with bounded extraction in internal/references
• Prevents Markdown/prose delimiters from being included in parsed @doc/ paths
• Preserves supported suffixes like :42, :10-25, #heading, and {relation}
• Skips fenced code blocks during reference extraction

Related Issue

Fixes #116

Type of Change

• [ x ] Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected)
• Documentation update
• Refactoring (no functional changes)
• Other (please describe):

Checklist

• [ x ] My code follows the project's style guidelines
• [ x ] I have performed a self-review of my code
• [ x ] I have commented my code, particularly in hard-to-understand areas
• [ x ] I have made corresponding changes to the documentation
• [ x ] My changes generate no new warnings
• [ x ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• [ x ] New and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes
• [ x ] Any dependent changes have been merged and published

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