feat: Add exclude functionality to JsonResource

[kalebalebachew]

• Introduced a new protected property $excludes to hold attributes to be excluded from the resource array.
• Added the except method to allow exclusion of specified attributes, supporting dot notation for nested arrays.
• Implemented applyExcludes method to remove excluded attributes from the resolved data before returning it.

Example

return (new UserResource($user))
    ->except(['password', 'profile.ssn']);

[taylorotwell]

We're going to be re-working resources a bit for Laravel 13 so will consider then.