feat: persistent hash map iterator

[datokrat]

This PR implements an iterator for PersistentHashMap.

[mathlib-lean-pr-testing]

Mathlib CI status (docs):

• ❗ Mathlib CI can not be attempted yet, as the nightly-testing-2026-03-09 tag does not exist there yet. We will retry when you push more commits. If you rebase your branch onto nightly-with-mathlib, Mathlib CI should run now. You can force Mathlib CI using the force-mathlib-ci label. (2026-03-09 15:33:08)

[leanprover-bot]

Reference manual CI status:

• ❗ Reference manual CI can not be attempted yet, as the nightly-testing-2026-03-09 tag does not exist there yet. We will retry when you push more commits. If you rebase your branch onto nightly-with-manual, reference manual CI should run now. You can force reference manual CI using the force-manual-ci label. (2026-03-09 15:33:10)