[New] Refactor Kubernetes guides

archetypes/content.md

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ description: 'Two to three sentences describing your guide.'
 keywords: ['list','of','keywords','and key phrases']
 license: '[CC BY-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)'
 published: {{ now.Format "2006-01-02" }}
-modified: {{ now.Format "2006-01-02" }}
 modified_by:
   name: Linode
 title: "{{ replace .TranslationBaseName "-" " " | title }}"

archetypes/section.md

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+---
+author:
+  name: Linode
+  email: docs@linode.com
+description: "A text passage which will appear below the title of the section on the section's page."
+keywords: ["keyword1", "keyword2"]
+license: '[CC BY-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)'
+published: {{ now.Format "2006-01-02" }}
+title: Section Title
+show_in_lists: true
+---
+

docs/applications/containers/kubernetes-reference/index.md

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ modified_by:
 title: "Kubernetes Reference Guide"
 contributor:
   name: Linode
+concentrations: ["Kubernetes"]
 external_resources:
 - '[Kubernetes API Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.13/)'
 - '[Kubernetes Concepts Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/)'

docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+author:
+  name: Linode
+  email: docs@linode.com
+description: '*Kubernetes*, often referred to as *k8s*, is an open source container orchestration system that helps deploy and manage containerized applications.'
+keywords: ["kubernetes"]
+license: '[CC BY-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)'
+aliases: ['kubernetes/']
+published: 2019-07-29
+title: Kubernetes
+show_in_lists: true
+---
+
+

docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-1-introduction/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+---
+author:
+  name: Andy Stevens
+  email: docs@linode.com
+description: 'An introduction to Kubernetes concepts and components.'
+keywords: ['kubernetes','k8s','beginner','architecture']
+license: '[CC BY-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)'
+published: 2019-07-29
+modified_by:
+  name: Linode
+title: "A Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 1: Introduction"
+contributor:
+  name: Linode
+concentrations: ["Kubernetes"]
+external_resources:
+- '[Kubernetes API Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.13/)'
+- '[Kubernetes Concepts Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/)'
+aliases: ['applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-introduction/']
+---
+
+![A Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes](beginners-guide-to-kubernetes.png "A Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes")
+
+{{< note >}}
+This is the first guide in the [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes) series that explains the major parts and concepts of Kubernetes.
+{{< /note >}}
+
+*Kubernetes*, often referred to as *k8s*, is an open source container orchestration system that helps deploy and manage containerized applications. Developed by Google starting in 2014 and written in the [Go](http://golang.org) language, Kubernetes is quickly becoming the standard way to architect horizontally-scalable applications.
+
+In this guide you will learn about [containers and orchestration](#containers), [the Kubernetes API](#kubernetes-api), and [kubectl](#kubectl).
+
+## Containers
+
+Kubernetes is a container orchestration tool and, therefore, needs a container runtime installed to work.
+
+In practice, the default container runtime for Kubernetes is [Docker](https://www.docker.com/), though other runtimes like [rkt](https://coreos.com/rkt/), and [LXD](https://linuxcontainers.org/lxd/introduction/) will also work. With the advent of the [Container Runtime Interface (CRI)](https://github.com/kubernetes/community/blob/master/contributors/devel/sig-node/container-runtime-interface.md), which hopes to standardize the way Kubernetes interacts with containers, other options like [containerd](https://containerd.io/), [cri-o](https://cri-o.io/), and [Frakti](https://github.com/kubernetes/frakti) have also become available. The guides in this series assume you have a working knowledge of containers and the examples will all use Docker as the container runtime.
+
+ - **Containers** are similar to virtual machines. They are light-weight isolated runtimes that share resources of the operating system without having to run a full operating system themselves. Containers consume few resources but contain a complete set of information needed to execute their contained application images such as files, environment variables, and libraries.
+
+ - **Containerization** is a virtualization method to run distributed applications in containers using microservices. Containerizing an application requires a base image that can be used to create an instance of a container. Once an application’s image exists, you can push it to a centralized container registry that Kubernetes can use to deploy container instances in a cluster’s *pods*, which you will learn more about in [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes: Objects](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-objects/#pods).
+
+ - **Orchestration** is the automated configuration, coordination, and management of computer systems, software, middleware, and services. It takes advantage of automated tasks to execute processes. For Kubernetes, container orchestration automates all the provisioning, deployment, and availability of containers; load balancing; resource allocation between containers; and health monitoring of the cluster.
+
+## Kubernetes API
+
+Kubernetes is built around a robust RESTful API. Every action taken in Kubernetes, be it inter-component communication or user command, interacts in some fashion with the Kubernetes API. The goal of the API is to help facilitate the desired state of the Kubernetes cluster.
+
+The Kubernetes API is a "declarative model", meaning that it focuses on the what, not the how. You tell it what you want to accomplish and it does it. This might involve creating or destroying resources but you don't have to worry about those details. To create this desired state, you create *objects*, which are normally represented by YAML files called *manifests*, and apply them through the command line with the **kubectl** tool.
+
+## kubectl
+
+kubectl is a command line tool used to interact with the Kubernetes cluster. It offers a host of features, including the ability to create, stop, and delete resources; describe active resources; and auto scale resources.
+
+For more information on the types of commands and resources you can use with kubectl, consult the [Kubernetes kubectl documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/kubectl/overview/).
+
+## Next Steps
+
+To continue in the [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes) series, visit part 2:
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 1: Introduction](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-1-introduction/) (You Are Here)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 2: Master, Nodes, and the Control Plane](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-2-master-nodes-control-plane/)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 3: Objects](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-3-objects/)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 4: Controllers](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-4-controllers/)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 5: Conclusion](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-5-conclusion/)

docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-2-master-nodes-control-plane/index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+---
+author:
+  name: Andy Stevens
+  email: docs@linode.com
+description: 'An introduction to Kubernetes concepts and components.'
+keywords: ['kubernetes','k8s','beginner','architecture']
+license: '[CC BY-ND 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0)'
+published: 2019-07-29
+modified_by:
+  name: Linode
+title: "A Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 2: Master, Nodes, and the Control Plane"
+contributor:
+  name: Linode
+concentrations: ["Kubernetes"]
+external_resources:
+- '[Kubernetes API Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/generated/kubernetes-api/v1.13/)'
+- '[Kubernetes Concepts Documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/)'
+aliases: ['applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-master-nodes-control-plane/']
+---
+
+![A Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes](beginners-guide-to-kubernetes.png "A Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes")
+
+{{< note >}}
+This is the second guide in the [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes) series that explains the major parts and concepts of Kubernetes.
+{{< /note >}}
+
+At the highest level of Kubernetes, there exist two kinds of servers, a *Master* and a *Node*. These servers can be Linodes, VMs, or physical servers. Together, these servers form a *cluster* and are controlled by the services that make up the *Control Plane*.
+
+In this guide you will learn about [the Master server](#kubernetes-master), cluster [nodes](#nodes), and the Kubernetes [Control Plane](#the-control-plane).
+
+## Kubernetes Master
+
+The Kubernetes Master is normally a separate server responsible for maintaining the desired state of the cluster. It does this by telling the Nodes how many instances of your application it should run and where.
+
+## Nodes
+
+Kubernetes Nodes are worker servers that run your application(s). The number of Nodes is determined by the user, and they are created by the user. In addition to running your application, each Node runs two processes:
+
+- **kubelet** receives descriptions of the desired state of a [Pod](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-objects/#pods) from the API server, and ensures the Pod is healthy, and running on the Node.
+- **kube-proxy** is a networking proxy that proxies the UDP, TCP, and SCTP networking of each Node, and provides load balancing. This is only used to connect to [Services](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-objects/#services).
+
+## The Control Plane
+
+Together, kube-apiserver, kube-controller-manager, kube-scheduler, and etcd form what is known as the *control plane*. The control plane is responsible for making decisions about the cluster, and pushing it toward the desired state. kube-apiserver, kube-controller-manager, and kube-scheduler are processes and etcd is a database; all four are run by the Kubernetes Master.
+
+ - **kube-apiserver** is the front end for the Kubernetes API server.
+ - **kube-controller-manager** is a daemon that manages the Kubernetes control loop. For more on Controllers, see the [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes: Controllers](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-controllers/).
+ - **kube-scheduler** is a function that looks for newly created Pods that have no Nodes, and assigns them a Node based on a host of requirements. For more information on kube-scheduler, consult the [Kubernetes kube-scheduler documentation](https://kubernetes.io/docs/reference/command-line-tools-reference/kube-scheduler/).
+ - **Etcd** is a highly available key-value store that provides the backend database for Kubernetes. It stores and replicates the entirety of the Kubernetes cluster state. It's written in Go and uses the [Raft protocol](https://raft.github.io/) which means it maintains identical logs of state changing commands across nodes and coordinates the order in which these state changes occur.
+
+## Next Steps
+
+To continue in the [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes) series, visit part 3:
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 1: Introduction](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-1-introduction/)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 2: Master, Nodes, and the Control Plane](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-2-master-nodes-control-plane/) (You Are Here)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 3: Objects](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-3-objects/)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 4: Controllers](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-4-controllers/)
+
+ - [Beginner's Guide to Kubernetes, Part 5: Conclusion](/docs/applications/containers/kubernetes/beginners-guide-to-kubernetes-part-5-conclusion/)