Add clang-tidy

[marcoroth]

This pull request introduces clang-tidy to enhance code quality and consistency.

High-Level Updates

• .clang-tidy: Added a comprehensive set of clang-tidy checks to enforce best practices and catch potential issues.
• Makefile: Updated to include a tidy command. Also DRY-ed up the project_files and extension_files used for formatting, linting and now tidying.
• bin/tidy: Added a bin script that can be used to run the clang-tidy checked defined in the Makefile.
• .github/workflows/test.yml: Added a new job to run bin/tidy on the codebase as part of the CI pipeline.
• Brewfile: Added llvm to ensure clang-tidy is available in the development environment.
• README.md: Updated to include instructions for installing clang-tidy and clarified its usage in the project.

Codebase Refinements detected by clang-tidy

• Type Consistency: Updated various function signatures and struct members to use size_t instead of int for sizes and indices, improving type safety and consistency. All of these usages deal with numbers that are always positive, which removes the need for a signed int.
• Macro: Updates macros in src/include/macros.h for readability.
• Switch/Case handling : Updated the handling for switch cases where we didn't have a default or the same statements.

Note

For now we disabled the bugprone-suspicious-realloc-usage rule, but I'll follow up with a pull request to enable this rule and to address the valid warnings.