[1.17] Merge from 1.16

[dagood]

Making this PR went like this:

• git merge from 1.16 in a dev branch.
  • One conflict: the submodule. Resolve using git reset -- go, git merge --continue.
• Try to build locally. Patches fail to apply because the merge brought in a 1.16-specific tweak.
• Run git go-patch apply to start the patch fixup process.
• Inside the submodule, run git am -3 to start a three-way merge.
• See that the three-way merge was able to take care of the problem and the am completed without any more input.
• Run git go-patch extract to rewrite the patch file with the fixup.
  • This failed on my first attempt, because of an issue with git-go-patch. Pushed a fix (with explanation in comment): microsoft/go-infra@e19d885. Then re-ran the process from git go-patch apply.
• Commit and push dev branch.

[dagood]

microsoft-go (windows_amd64_devscript) hit a known probably-Windows-Defender flakiness issue:

go install cmd/compile: copying C:\Users\VSSADM~1\AppData\Local\Temp\go-build3890923320\b098\exe\a.out.exe: open D:\a\1\s\go\pkg\tool\windows_amd64\compile.exe: Access is denied.

Auto-retries are only implemented in the build step, not test. Filed #415 to potentially add more retrying.

I'll hit the AzDO retry button, for now. (Unfortunately, hit yet again with AzDO not allowing me to retry a failed job until all jobs in the stage have completed or been canceled.)