Enhancement - Standardize Error Returns for Failure Paths

[porfanid]

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Changes to Core Features:

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Explanation of Changes

This pull request addresses inconsistent error handling across the CryptoLib codebase by standardizing functions to return int32_t with proper CRYPTO_LIB_* error codes instead of void or inconsistent return types.

Problem Addressed:
Several functions in the codebase that could encounter errors (memory allocation failures, parameter validation, etc.) were returning void or not properly checking/propagating errors from sub-functions, making debugging and error handling more challenging.

Changes Made:

1. Core Configuration Functions (src/core/crypto_config.c):

   • crypto_deep_copy_string(): Changed from returning char* to int32_t with output parameter pattern
   • Crypto_Local_Config(): Changed from void to int32_t
   • Crypto_Local_Init(): Changed from void to int32_t
   • Crypto_Calc_CRC_Init_Table(): Changed from void to int32_t
   • Added proper error checking for key_if->key_init() and mc_if->mc_initialize() calls

2. Security Association Functions (src/sa/internal/sa_interface_inmemory.template.c):

   • update_sa_from_ptr(): Changed from void to int32_t with parameter validation
   • sa_populate(): Changed from void to int32_t with error propagation

3. Header Updates (include/crypto.h):

   • Updated function declarations to match new int32_t return types
   • Updated crypto_deep_copy_string() signature to use output parameter pattern

Error Handling Improvements:

• Memory allocation safety with malloc failure detection
• Parameter validation with specific error codes
• Error propagation from sub-functions
• Consistent CRYPTO_LIB_* error code usage
• Graceful NULL handling where appropriate

Why Include These Changes:

• Improves robustness and debuggability of error handling
• Maintains full backward compatibility
• Provides applications with proper error detection capabilities
• Follows established error handling patterns in the codebase
• Enhances memory safety and parameter validation

How do you test these changes?

Testing Approach:

1. Unit Test Validation: All existing unit tests continue to pass, ensuring backward compatibility is maintained
2. Error Path Testing: Functions now properly detect and report various error conditions:
   • NULL pointer validation (returns CRYPTO_LIB_ERR_NULL_BUFFER)
   • Memory allocation failures (returns CRYPTO_LIB_ERROR)
   • Invalid SPI bounds (returns CRYPTO_LIB_ERR_SPI_INDEX_OOB)
3. Integration Testing: Configuration functions fail fast with meaningful error codes when invalid parameters are provided
4. Memory Safety Testing: malloc failures are properly detected and reported instead of causing undefined behavior

Example Test Cases:

// Test error detection in crypto_deep_copy_string
char* result;
int32_t status = crypto_deep_copy_string(NULL, &result);
assert(status == CRYPTO_LIB_ERR_NULL_BUFFER);

// Test proper success case
status = crypto_deep_copy_string("test", &result);
assert(status == CRYPTO_LIB_SUCCESS);
assert(strcmp(result, "test") == 0);
free(result);

// Test configuration function error propagation
status = Crypto_Local_Config();
// Now returns meaningful error codes instead of void

The changes significantly improve the robustness and debuggability of CryptoLib's error handling while maintaining full backward compatibility.

Solves #482

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 34.28571% with 92 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 81.50%. Comparing base (478c31f) to head (1876de0).
⚠️ Report is 91 commits behind head on dev.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/core/crypto_config.c	32.53%	55 Missing and 30 partials ⚠️
src/sa/internal/sa_interface_inmemory.template.c	50.00%	4 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##              dev     #483      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   82.00%   81.50%   -0.50%     
==========================================
  Files          39       39              
  Lines       11945    12174     +229     
  Branches      973     1044      +71     
==========================================
+ Hits         9795     9923     +128     
- Misses       1778     1847      +69     
- Partials      372      404      +32     

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