Docker commands

Simple commands to get started with docker

1. Launching containers

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1. Run a container
   docker run <image>
2. Run conatiner and drop to shell
   docker run -it <image>
   Full form
   docker run --interactive --tty <image>
   
3. Run a container in background
   docker run -d <image>
   
4. Set container restart settings
   docker run --restart (always|no|on-failure[:maxretries]|unless-stopped) <image>
   
5. Start an exited container
   docker start <name>
   
6. Remove a container when exited
   docker run -rm <image>
   
7. Provide container nickname
   docker run --name <name> <image>
   

2. Accessing containers

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1. Run commands inside a contaner
   docker exec <name> <command>
   e.g. docker exec test_container ps-aux
   
2. Log into a shell inside a container to run more complex commands
   docker exec -it <container_name> <shell_name>
   Example for running bash shell:
   docker exec -it test-container bash
   
3. Copying file from the container
   docker cp <container_name>:<path> <to_path>
   Example for copying nginx config from a container:
   docker cp default.config nginx-container:/etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf .
   

3. Container management

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1. Stop container
   docker stop <name>
   e.g. docker stop test_container
   
2. Remove container
   docker rm <name>
   e.g. docker rm test_container
   
3. Remove all stopped containers
   docker container prune
   
4. Rename a container
   docker rename <old_name> <new_name>
   
5. Get stats for container like CPU info etc
   docker stats <container_name>
   
6. Get detailed info about a container like public ip adress etc
   docker inspect <container_name>
   
7. Save container as an image to used later on
   docker commit <container_name> <image_name>
   
8. Important command to map container port to host server
   docker run -p <host_port>:<container_port> <container_image>

4. Image management

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1. Pull remote image
   docker pull <image-name>
   e.g. docker pull alpine
   
2. Show all images pulled already
   docker image ls
   
3. Remove image
   docker image rm <image-name>
   
4. Remove problematic images
   docker image prune
   
5. Remove images not linked to a container
   docker image rm <image-name>
   
6. View image information
   docker image inspect <image-name>
   

5. Pushing image to docker hub

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1. Log in to your Docker account on the CLI.
   docker login --username=<username>
   
2. Tag the image with the repo name.
   docker tag <image> <username>/<reponame>
   
3. Push the image to Docker Hub.
   docker push <username>/<reponame>