fs: fix glob early return skipping sibling entries

[semimikoh]

Summary

• Remove cache.seen check from children iteration loop in #addSubpatterns (sync) and #iterateSubpatterns (async)
• The return inside the loop exits the entire method, skipping all remaining siblings
• The cache.add at the top of each method already prevents reprocessing and infinite recursion

Fixes: #62897

Test plan

• Run test-fs-glob.mjs multiple times to verify flakiness is resolved
• Verify the reproduction script from the issue passes consistently

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 89.63%. Comparing base (d080801) to head (cde04e4).
⚠️ Report is 90 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #62901      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   91.55%   89.63%   -1.93%     
==========================================
  Files         355      706     +351     
  Lines      149381   219191   +69810     
  Branches    23364    41989   +18625     
==========================================
+ Hits       136765   196463   +59698     
- Misses      12354    14637    +2283     
- Partials      262     8091    +7829     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/internal/fs/glob.js	92.09% <ø> (+5.42%)	⬆️

... and 485 files with indirect coverage changes

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[nodejs-github-bot]

CI: https://ci.nodejs.org/job/node-test-pull-request/72881/